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October

 

To the Book of Days main calendar

 


Carpe diem!

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     Here was October, here
Was ruddy October, the old harvester,
Wrapped like a beggared sachem in a coat
Of tattered tanager and partridge feathers,
Scattering jack-o-lanterns everywhere
To give the field-mice pumpkin-colored moons.
Stephen Vincent Benet; 'John Brown's Body'

How close the clouds press this October first 
and the rain – a gray scarf across the sky. 
Stephen Dobyns; 'No Map'

Cut bushes to hedge, fence meadow and redge. 
maids little and great pick clean seed wheat; 
Glails lustily thwack less plough-seed lack; 
Lay dry up and round, for barley, thy ground; 
Who soweth in rain hath weed for his pain; 
Keep crows, good son, see fencing be done. 
Where water doth stand sow pease or dredge; 
Fat pease-fed swine for drover is fine. 
Ciss, have an eye to boar in stye; 
Friend, ringle thy hog for fear of a dog. 
Now gather up fruit of every suit; 
Make verjuice and perry, sow kernell and berry; 
Of verjuice be sure, poor cattle to cure.
Tusser, Thomas (1524 - 1580), Five hundreth pointes of good husbandrie: as well for the champion or open countrie, as also for the woodland or severall ; mixed in everie month with huswiferie, over and besides the booke of huswiferie, London: 'Printed in the now dwelling house of Henrie Denham in Aldersgate Street at the signe of the starre', 1586  

Fides

Then came October, full of merry glee,
For yet his noule was totty of the must,
Which he was treading, in the wine-fat's see,
And of the joyous oyle, whose gentle gust
Made him so frollick, and so full of lust
Upon a dreadful scorpion did he ride,
The same which by Dianae's doom unjust
Slew great Orion; and eeke by his side
He had his ploughing-share, and coulter ready tyde.
Edmund Spenser (c. 1552 - 1599), English poet; Faerie Queen, 'The Cantos of Mutabilitie'

My ornaments are fruits; my garments leaves,
Woven like cloth of gold, and crimson dyed;
I do not boast the harvesting of sheaves,
O'er orchards and o'er vineyards I preside.
Though on the frigid Scorpion I ride,
The dreamy air is full, and overflows
With tender memories of the summer-tide,
And mingled voices of the doves and crows.
HW Longfellow (1807 - '82); The Poet's Calendar for October

Much rain in October,
Much wind in December.
Traditional English proverb

If October bring much frost and wind,
Then are January and February mild.
Traditional English proverb 

A warm October,
A cold February.
Traditional English proverb

Full Moon in October without frost,
No frost till November's Full Moon.
Traditional English proverb

Dry your barley in October,
Or you'll always be sober.
Traditional English proverb (ie, if this isn't done there will be no malt)

There are always nineteen fine days in October.
Traditional Kentish proverb

As the weather in October, so will it be in the next March.
Traditional English proverb

In October dung your field
And your land its wealth will yield.
Traditional English proverb

There is something in October sets the gypsy blood astir; 
We must rise and follow her, 
When from every hill of flame 
She calls and calls each vagabond by name.
Bliss Carman (1861 - 1929); 'A Vagabond Song'

When birds and badgers are fat in October, expect a cold Winter.
Traditional American proverb

An October day, with waves running in blue-white lines and a capful of wind.
Amy Lowell, American poet; 'Men, Women and Ghosts'

They who never ruled before
                poured from their factory districts
                across the bridges of Petrograd
       to make October.
The moon was so startled
        all global tides
                 shifted.
The lights went on all over Europe.
                  Nothing
        can ever be the same again.
Dan Georgakis; from 'October Song', from Three Red Stars, 1975

Bright October was come,
The misty-bright October.
Arthur Hugh Clough, English poet (1819 - '61); 'The Bothie of Tober-Na-Vuolich'

What of October, that ambiguous month, the month of tension, the unendurable month?
Doris Lessing, English writer, Martha Quest, pt 4, sect. 1

There is no season when such pleasant and sunny spots may be lighted on, and produce so pleasant an effect on the feelings, as now in October. 
Nathaniel Hawthorne, American author

The clump of maples on the hill,
And this one near the door,
Seem redder, quite a lot, this year
Than last, or year before;
I wonder if it's jest because
I love the Old State more!
David L Cady, 'October in Vermont'

Bittersweet October. The mellow, messy, leaf-kicking, perfect pause between the opposing miseries of summer and winter. 
Carol Bishop Hipps

All things on earth point home in old October: sailors to sea, travellers to walls and fences, hunters to field and hollow and the long voice of the hounds, the lover to the love he has forsaken. 
Thomas Wolfe (1900 - '38), American author

Question everything.
Maria Mitchell (1818 - '89), American astronomer, who, on October 1, 1847, discovered the comet that bears her name

Born in slums, driven to work while still children, undersized because under-fed, oppressed because helpless, flung aside as soon as worked out, who cares if they die or go on to the streets provided only that Bryant & May shareholders get their 23 per cent and Mr Theodore Bryant can erect statutes and buy parks?
  Girls are used to carry boxes on their heads until the hair is rubbed off and the young heads are bald at fifteen years of age? Country clergymen with shares in Bryant & May's draw down on your knee your fifteen year old daughter; pass your hand tenderly over the silky clustering curls, rejoice in the dainty beauty of the thick, shiny tresses.
Annie Besant, British social activist and founding Theosophist, born on October 1, 1847; 'White Slavery in London', The Link (June 23, 1888)

Q: What is the cause of the strike?
A: Why, a girl was dismissed yesterday; it had nothing to do with Mrs Besant. She refused to follow the instructions of the foreman, and as she was irregular anyway, she was dismissed.
Q: Is it not very unusual that all the girls should strike because of one?
A: Yes, but I've no doubt they have been influenced by the twaddle of one.
Annie Besant; interview with Bartholomew Bryant in The Star newspaper (July, 1888)

Many women now, educated more highly than they used to be – women with strong brains and loving hearts – are being driven into bitterness and into angry opposition, because their ambition is thwarted at every step, and their eager longing for a fuller life are forced back and crushed. A tree will grow, however you may try to stunt it. You may disfigure it, you may force it into awkward shapes, but grow it will.
Annie Besant; The Political Status of Women, 1874

I was dazzled, blinded by the light in which disjointed facts were seen as parts of a mighty whole, and all my puzzles, riddles, problems, seemed to disappear. The effect was partially illusory in one sense, in that they all had to be slowly unravelled later, the brain gradually assimilating that which the swift intuition had grasped as truth. But the light had been seen, and in that flash of illumination I knew that the weary search was over and the very truth was found.
Annie Besant; Autobiography, p. 310

Not out of right practice comes right thinking, but out of right thinking comes right practice. It matters enormously what you think. If you think falsely, you will act mistakenly; if you think basely, your conduct will suit your thinking.
Annie Besant

... those who can serve best, those who help most, those who sacrifice most, those are the people who will be loved in life and honoured in death, when all questions of colour are swept away and when in a free country free citizens shall meet on equal grounds.
Annie Besant

This is the India of which I speak – the India which, as I said, is to me the Holy Land. For those who, though born for this life in a Western land and clad in a Western body, can yet look back to earlier incarnations in which they drank the milk of spiritual wisdom from the breast of their true mother – they must feel ever the magic of her immemorial past, must dwell ever under the spell of her deathless fascination; for they are bound to India by all the sacred memories of their past; and with her, too, are bound up all the radiant hopes of their future, a future which they know they will share with her who is their true mother in the soul-life.
Annie Besant; India: Essays and Lectures, Vol. IV, The Theosophical Publishing Co., London, p. 11.1895

After a study of some forty years and more of the great religions of the world, I find none so perfect, none so scientific, none so philosophical and no so spiritual that the great religion known by the name of Hinduism. Make no mistake, without Hinduism, India has no future. Hinduism is the soil in to which India's roots are stuck and torn out of that she will inevitably wither as a tree torn out from its place. And if Hindus do not maintain Hinduism who shall save it? If India's own children do not cling to her faith who shall guard it? India alone can save India and India and Hinduism are one.
Annie Besant

India is the mother of religion. In her are combined science and religion in perfect harmony, and that is the Hindu religion, and it is India that shall be again the spiritual mother of the world.
Annie Besant; lecture at the Grand Theatre, Calcutta on January 15, 1906; Har Bilas Sarda, Hindu Superiority

Mrs Annie Besant, now in Melbourne, has come to Australia for the purpose of lecturing on Theosophy ... Mrs Besant's daughter, Mrs Besant-Scott, is married to a Melbourne pressman and is a clever young lady who has succeeded equally well as a cyclist and as spokeswoman of an adult-suffrage deputation to the Victorian Premier. ... Mrs Besant makes her clearest and brightest point in charging the church with having led man to believe that he is naturally a base animal – with having persistently cursed his fleshly lusts, and exhorted him to feel sorry for his disgraceful conduct, instead of teaching him to glory in his noble impulses. What has the brimstone shepherd to say to this?
The 'Society' column, The Bulletin of Sydney, Australia, September 15, 1894. From September 29, Mrs Besant continued her lecture tour in Sydney.

In view of the deplorable termination of Henry Slade's visit to this country, we the undersigned desire to place on record our high opinion of his mediumship, and our reprobation of the treatment he has undergone.
     We regard Henry Slade as one of the most valuable Test Mediums now living. The phenomena which occur in his presence are evolved with a rapidity and regularity rarely equaled.
     He leaves us not only untarnished in reputation by the late proceedings in our Law Courts, but with a mass of testimony in his favor which could probably have been elicited in no other way.
From the text of an illuminated testimonial presented to medium, Henry Slade, by London Spiritualists in 1877. On October 1, 1876, Slade had been before a London magistrate under the Vagrancy Act, accused of fraud.

In the cases that did succeed, there was possible substitution of slates. Tired of so much loss of time, I agreed with Admiral Mouchez, director of the observatory of Paris, to confide to Slade a double slate prepared by ourselves, with the precautions which were necessary in order that we should not be entrapped. The two slates were sealed in such a way with paper of the observatory that if he took them apart he could not conceal the fraud. He accepted the conditions of the experiment. I carried the slates to his apartment. They remained under the influence of the medium, in this apartment, not a quarter of an hour, not a half hour or an hour, but ten consecutive days, and when he sent them back to us there was not the least trace of writing inside.
Camille Flammarion (1842 - 1925), French astronomer and author, on his tests of Henry Slade's alleged spiritualistic 'slate-writing' skills
 

 

 

 

October 1 is the 274th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (275th in leap years), with 91 days remaining.
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October birthstone: Opal, signifying hope. Said to bring bad luck to those not born in this month who wear it. (Some sources add rose sapphire, and tourmaline.)

October's child is born for woe,
And life's vicissitudes must know
But lay an Opal on her breast,
And hope will lull those woes to rest.
Traditional English rhyme

 

Then came October, full of merry glee, For yet his noule was totty of the must ... October

October is the tenth month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 31 days. From the Latin octo for 'eight' (it was originally the eighth month of the year, before January and February were inserted).

October begins on the same day of week as January, except in leap years.

The old Dutch name for October was Wynmaand and the Old English was Winmonath (Wine-month, or the time of vintage; the month for treading the wine-vats); also Teomonath (tenth-month) and Winter-fylleth (Winter full-moon). In some Saxon calendars, the month was allegorized by the figure of a husbandsman carrying a sack on his shoulders, sowing corn. Sometimes, October is personified as a vineyard worker riding on Scorpio, as in this image (right) that illustrates Edmund Spenser's rhyme (above). In other old calendars, the sport of hawking is represented. In the Domesday Book the vineyards are mentioned often.

The Frankish name, Windurmanoth, means 'vintage month'. American backwoods calendar: Hunter's Moon. Ásatrú name: Hunting.

In the French Revolutionary Calendar the month was Vendémiaire (time of vintage, c. September 22 to c. October 21). It is the month for making beer, wine and cider, because of the steady temperature. 

In the Goddess calendar, October is sacred to goddess Hathor (October 3 - October 30). October's flowers are the calendula and cosmos. In the Wiccan faith, according to one source, October is sacred to the deities Cernunnos, Hekate (Hecate), the Morrigan, Osiris, and "the Wiccan Goddess in Her dark aspect as the Crone", and Calendula is the month's traditional flower.

The last Monday in October is one of the Public Holidays in the Republic of Ireland and in the Irish Calendar the month is called Deireadh Fómhair (literally 'End of Autumn') and is the third and last month of the Autumn season. Lammas, or Lughasadh, draws to a close and Celtic people prepared for the harshness and impending darkness of Samhain.

Weather lore of October (Northern Hemisphere)

The more bright red berries (haws and hips) that can be seen in the hedgerows, the more frost and snow there will be the next Winter.

The second 'Summer' in October is called Indian Summer in America, St Bridget's Summer in Sweden (as her feast day was formerly October 8); in Italy, the Summer of St Teresa; in Germany and Switzerland, the Summer of St Gall. In England, it is called St Luke's Summer.

Much rain in October said to correspond with much rain in December, and a warm October makes a cold February.

Roman festivals and notable days in the Book of Days    Deities of many cultures in the Book of Days    October poetry and folklore

 

 

 

Tell J-9 You've Read It!October is National Breast Cancer Awareness Month, USA

The Board of Sponsors of National Breast Cancer Awareness Month is dedicated to increasing awareness of breast cancer issues, especially the importance of early detection of breast cancer.

This message is communicated through a nationwide educational campaign to audiences including women in all age and ethnic groups, the general public, state and federal governments, women's health care professionals, and employers. Learn more about how you can help by becoming a program leader.

Please click on the respective link if you would like additional information on breast cancer, mammograms and breast health, women's health or health professional issues.

Source

 

Tell J-9 You've Read It!

You Don't Have to Have a Lump to Have Breast Cancer    Inflammatory Breast Cancer Support

Discovery Health :: Inflammatory Breast Cancer    Passionately Pink for the Cure (flickr photos)

 

Anatolian sheep cheeseRam Mating Ceremony, Anatolia, Turkey (Oct 1 - 20)

Anatolia (Greek ανατολη [anatole] for 'rising of the sun'; cf 'Orient' and 'Levant'), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to the Asian portion of Turkey (in Turkish Anadolu).

The ram mating rite has unique customs, beliefs and magical practices. About a month or two prior to the ceremony, which is to increase the fertility of the herds as well as to bring the folk together, the rams are separated from the herds.

The first day of the ceremonies is celebrated as a festival throughout the region. Village residents gather in the village square with their drums and and shrill piping melodies on the zurna (an oboe-like reed instrument). Shepherds allow the rams, which are dressed up and decorated with henna, to join the females. In some places, imams read out prayers, and the animals are mated.

It is believed that if a boy sit on a ram before it joins the ewes then the first lamb to be born will be male, and if a girl is placed on the ram then the first lamb will be female. If the shepherd encounters a man on his way to the ceremony, it is believed that the lambs that are born will be male, whereas if he encounters a woman from the village, the lambs will be female. It is also believed that if the ram mates with a black ewe, the winter will be warm, whereas if he chooses a white one, the winter will be harsh, although in some places the belief is the exact opposite. After the rams have mated with the ewes, the shepherd has to perform his ritual ablutions. If he enters the herd without doing so, it is believed that all the herd's lambs will born disabled. If the shepherd rejoins the herd with an empty pot in his hand, it is believed that the sheep will have insufficient milk.

Ram breeding facts we should know
"Onset of puberty occurs when a ram is 23-27 kg regardless of age.

"Desire or libido refers to the ram's urge to mate and, may be affected by nutrition, age and breeding season.

"Mating ability refers to the ram's ability to successfully inseminate ewes and, is influenced by age and physical problems.

"Stamina or serving capacity refers to the number of ewes a ram can successfully serve over a given period of time.

"Serving capacity (a combination of libido and mating ability) will have little effect on conception rates provided the ram flock is kept young and healthy, two to three per cent of rams are joined and, the joining period is at least six weeks."    Source

 

International Day of Older Persons (UN)

In 1990, the United Nations General Assembly designated October 1 as the International Day for Older Persons, also known as the International Day for the Elderly.

A demographic revolution is underway throughout the world. Today, world-wide, there are around 600 million persons aged 60 years and over; this total will double by 2025 and will reach virtually two billion by 2050 – the vast majority of them in the developing world.

More

 

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Remigius baptizes ClovisFeast day of St Remigius (Remi; Rémy), Archbishop of Rheims

(Lowly amaryllis, Amaryllis humilis, is today's plant, dedicated to this saint.)

St Remigius was of French-Roman nobility, the son of Emilius, count of Laon, and of St Celina. Born around 437, by the age of only 22 he was Archbishop of Reims and served his diocese for 74 years. St Sidonius Apollinaris, who knew Remigius, said that he was virtuous and  an eloquent preacher. Some sources say that he was more than seven feet tall.

What little is known of him comes through a short biography, falsely attributed to the 6th-Century Italian poet, Fortunatus, as well as a longer one, written by Hincmar in 878, the latter having a more legendary nature. The saint was the friend of Clovis I, King of the Salic Franks and husband of the radiant and beautiful Christian, Saint Clotildis. Remigius converted Clovis to Christianity. According to Gregory of Tours, 3,000 Franks were baptized with Clovis by the eloquent Remigius on Christmas Day, 496, after the defeat of the Alamanni. Clovis granted Remigius large stretches of land, where the saint later established and endowed many churches.

With the growing power of the papacy, many legends grew up around his name, e.g. that he anointed Clovis with chrism (a holy oil made from a mixture of oil of olives and balsam) from the sacred ampulla, the Sainte Ampoulle used at the consecration of the kings of France in the Cathedral of Reims and an object of great reverence in medieval France. The ampulla was popularly believed to have been brought from Heaven by a dove at the baptism of Clovis. Another tale grew up that Pope Hormisdas had recognized him as primate of France.

Danger to pagans

As he evangelized the Frankish people, he must have been a very real danger to people of the old religions. It was said that "by his signs and miracles, Rémy brought low the heathen altars everywhere".

Remigius died on January 10, 533. In art, St Remigius might be portrayed as a bishop carrying holy oils, or as a dove brings him the chrism to anoint Clovis; with Clovis kneeling before him; preaching before Clovis and Clotildis; welcoming another saint led by an angel from prison; exorcising; or contemplating the veil of Saint Veronica. He is said to have healed a blind man.

Not to be confused with the notorious witch-hunting Nicholas Remigius (or Remy; (1534 - 1600).


Starry NightVan Gogh, St Remy and the Starry Night

There are some wonderful nights here, I must paint a starry night.
Vincent van Gogh, during his incarceration at the asylum at St Remy, France, in 1889

In 1889, at his own request, Vincent van Gogh (1853 - '90) was admitted to the psychiatric centre at the Monastery Saint-Paul de Mausole in Saint Remy de Provence, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. Here, looking out his east-facing window, near dawn on the morning of June 19, 1889, he saw the blazing sky that he immortalized in the painting The Starry Night. The painting is the subject of the well known song 'Vincent' (sometimes known as 'Starry, Starry Night'), by Don McLean:

Starry, starry night.
Flaming flowers that brightly blaze,
Swirling clouds in violet haze,
Reflect in Vincent's eyes of China blue.
Colors changing hue,
morning field of amber grain,
Weathered faces lined in pain,
Are soothed beneath the artist's loving hand.

American art historian Dr Albert Boime enlisted the aid of astronomer Dr Ed Krupp from Griffith Observatory in California to recreate the night sky as it would have appeared to Van Gogh on the night he painted it and amazingly the basic image was the same (with the significant exception that the Moon on that night seems not to have been a crescent, but a gibbous moon). In the painting we see three stars of the constellation Aries as well as the Moon and Venus. There are eleven stars in total, reminiscent of the Biblical Joseph reporting his dream to his brothers:

And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it his brethren, and said, Behold, I have dreamed a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance to me.
Genesis 37:9

(For those interested in doing their own calculations, Saint Remy de Provence is Lat: 43 deg, 47 mins North; Long: 4 deg, 49 mins East.)

 

 

FidesKalends of October; Feast day of Fides,
goddess of faithfulness, Roman Empire

In Roman mythology, Fides ('faith') was the goddess of loyalty. Her temple on the Capitol was where the Roman Senate kept state treaties with foreign countries, where Fides protected them.

She was also worshipped under the name Fides Publica Populi Romani ('loyalty towards the Roman state').

The word fides also underlies the name 'Fido', commonly given to dogs.

See also: Semo Sancus

"As Fides Pulbica, or Honour of the People, this goddess had a temple on the Capitol, founded by King Numa, to which the flamines of Jupiter, Mars and Quirinus rode in a covered chariot on the 1st of October. At the offering they had their right hands wrapped up to the fingers with white bands. The meaning of the covered chariot was that honour could not be too carefully protected; of the covered right hand, that the right hand, the seat of honour, should be kept pure and holy. The goddess was represented with outstretched right hand and a white veil. Her attributes were ears of corn and fruits, joined hands, and a turtle-dove."
John Lempriere (c. 1765 - February 1, 1824), Bibliotheca Classica or Classical Dictionary (1788), Hippocrene Books, 1986

"This day was also known as the tigillum sororium, a day which commemorates the event when a dispute between the Romans and the Albans was settled by single combat between three Roman brothers Horatii and the three Alban brothers Curiatti. Horatius the Roman returned home as the lone victor to discover his sister crying - she had been secretly betrothed to one of the Curatii. In a rage he slew her, but the people would not put him to death for this murder and he was expiated.."   Source

Roman festivals and notable days in the Book of Days    Deities of many cultures in the Book of Days

 

Feast day of St Antoni Rewera

Feast day of St Bavo, anchoret, Patron of Ghent

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Feast day of St Edward James

Feast day of St Fidharleus, abbot in Ireland

Feast day of St Holy Protection of the Mother of God

Feast day of St John Kukuzelis

Feast day of St John Robinson

Feast day of St Julia of Lisbon

Feast day of St Luigi Maria Monti

Feast day of St Maxima of Lisbon

Feast day of St Melorius

Feast day of St Piaton (Piat), apostle of Tournay, martyr

Feast day of St Romanos the Melodist

Festival of the Rosary
The Festival of the Rosary was instituted to implore God's mercy for the church and all faithful. Ordered by Pope Pius V (1504 - '72), it was also intended to return thanks for the benefits bestowed on the Christian church, particularly for the victory of Lepanto in 1571, over the Turks. This success was obtained through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Or, so it is said.

Feast day of St Therese of Lisieux (Therese of the Child Jesus; 'The Little Flower of Jesus')
Patron saint of aviators, florists, illness, missions, and Russia.

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Feast day of St Verissimus of Lisbon

Shop Saints

Click for Eastern Orthodox liturgical days

Day of Oya (Santeria/Yorub)
Maiden Goddess of Change and the Underworld.

 

Harvest Thanksgiving, UK

"On 1 October 1843, the Rev. RS Hawker, Vicar of Morwenstow in Cornwall, set aside that Sunday in order to thank God for the harvest. The popular Church of England festival largely derives from this; the practice became widespread and nowadays churches are decorated with corn, fruit, vegetables and produce of all kinds, especially in country parishes. Hawker also reverted to the offering of the Lammas Day bread at the Eucharist.

Come, ye thankful people come,
Raise the song of harvest-home!
All is safely gathered in,
Ere the winter storms begin
H Alford: 'Harvest Hymn'

"The modern harvest-festival, as a parochial thanksgiving for the bounties of Providence, is an excellent institution, in addition to the old harvest-feast, but it should not be considered as a substitute for it.
R Chambers, The Book of Days, September 25" 
Ivor H Evans, Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, Cassell, London, 1988

See also Feast of the Ingathering (UK), America's Thanksgiving and Thanksgiving in Canada, in the Book of Days

World Vegetarian Day
October 1 each year, and October is World Vegetarian Awareness Month.  

Nottingham's Goose Fair
"Nottingham's Goose fair is the largest travelling pleasure fair in Europe, and dates back to at least 1284. Nowadays it has more than 150 state-of-the-art rides and 450 games, sideshows and stalls; from vintage galloping horses to the latest white knuckle rides, children's amusements and traditional fairground exhibitions.

"In medieval times the fair was held in the centre of the city so that the people of Nottingham could stock up on produce before the winter came. It is rumoured that geese from as far as Norfolk and Lincolnshire were driven to the fair for sale and that they used to tar the birds' feet to protect them on their way. Towards the end of the 19th century, the fair became primarily an entertainment event and was moved in 1928 to its present location.

"With more than 200 trade stalls including food, jewellery, pictures, pottery and other local crafts, there's plenty to keep all the family occupied and it makes for an excellent day out."   Source

 

National Days, People's Republic of China (Oct 1 - 2)

Is there a Zhang in the house?

The surname Zhang is so common among the Chinese, that if all the Zhangs in the world were to secede and set up their own state, it would be the world's eighth largest nation, with a population of 100 million.

 

World Smile DayWorld Smile Day
Created by Harvey Ball (1921 - 2001), originator of the Smiley.

 

Oktoberfest (Sep 20 - Oct 5)

Independence Day, Republic of Cyprus

National Day, Nigeria

Independence Day, Tuvalu

San Marino: two Captains Regent, elected by parliament, take office for six months.

Black History Month commences, United Kingdom
The official guide to black history month is published by Sugar Media, Ltd., which produces 100,000 copies nationwide. In the USA, the commemorative month occurs in February.

First Monday in October, Child Health Day, USA

National Book Month, USA

National Crime Prevention Month, USA

Polish-American Heritage Month, USA

PolishRoots

International Day for Older Persons (UN)

 

 

 

On which day of the week were you born? Find out here

1207 King Henry III of England (d. November 16, 1272)

1685 Charles VI, Holy Roman emperor (1711 - '40)

1760 William Thomas Beckford (d. 1844), writer, politician

1842 Charles Cros, French poet, and inventor of the phonograph.

"Charles Cros, inventor of the phonograph, was the most popular poet-singer of this kind in mid-19th-century Paris, and his poems spoke for a way of life completely unassimilable by the money-crazy, hypocritical, debauched, and puritanical society of Louis Napoleon's gimcrack Second Empire.

"It is from people like Charles Cros, simple, sensuous, lyrical, and sarcastic, that poets like Verlaine come, and all of those that he, Verlaine, first called 'poètes maudits,' the cursed, the outcast poets, Germain Nouveau, Arthur Rimbaud, Alfred Jarry, Tristan Corbière, Jean Richepin. All of these poets are still sung."
Kenneth Rexroth, Subversive Aspects of Popular Songs    Source: The Daily Bleed

 


Annie Besant and Krishnamurti, c. 19301847 Annie Besant (d. September 20, 1933), English labor activist and social reformer, author, freedom fighter and worldwide head of the Theosophy movement, who struggled with Gandhi for India's freedom.

Born Annie Wood in Clapham, London, her childhood was unhappy after her father's death when she was five. Besant was educated by Ellen Marryat, sister of the noted writer of sea adventures, Frederick Marryat. Miss Marryat was a strict Calvinist, but she saw to it that Annie's education was not too narrow and included travel in Europe. In 1867, Annie Wood married a vicar, Frank Besant, resulting in the birth of two children, but her increasingly irreligious views – when she refused to attend communion, Frank ordered her to leave the family home – led to a legal separation in 1873, with her husband retaining custody of their son (and she later lost custody of their daughter because of her progressive views). At this point, Annie Besant completely rejected Christianity and in 1874 joined the Secular Society. 

She studied science at university, something considered very unfeminine at the time, but did not ever take her degree, because there "was one examiner in the University who told her beforehand that however brilliantly she might do the papers which were set, he would not pass her, because he had a strong antipathy toward her atheism and to certain of her activities for the masses, which he considered immoral" (Nethercot, Arthur H, The First Five Lives of Annie Besant, p. 186).

Advocate of contraception

Annie Besant was a member of the National Secular Society, which preached 'free thought', and of the Fabian Society, the noted socialist organisation whose members included George Bernard Shaw, Sidney Webb and Beatrice Webb. In the 1870s, Besant edited, with National Secular Society founder Charles Bradlaugh, the weekly National Reformer, which advocated such advanced ideas as trade unions, national education, women's right to vote, and contraception.

In 1877, Besant and Bradlaugh were convicted of selling birth control pamphlets in the slums of London; in court they argued that "we think it more moral to prevent conception of children than, after they are born, to murder them by want of food, air and clothing". They were sentenced to six months imprisonment for publishing "an obscene libel", but the verdict was overturned on appeal and the publicity helped to liberalise public attitudes. However, her activism in this case cost Annie custody of her daughter, Mabel, whose custody was awarded to Frank Besant on his application.

Besant soon wrote and published her own book advocating birth control, The Law of Population. That a woman would advocate birth-control received wide-publicity, with newspapers such as The Times of London accusing Besant of writing "an indecent, lewd, filthy, bawdy and obscene book".

Mrs Besant lectured in Australia in September and October, 1894.

The Bryant & May 'Matchgirls Strike'

Dear Lady they have been trying to get the poor girls to say that it is all lies that has been printed and trying to make us sign papers that it is all lies; dear Lady nobody knows what it is we have put up with and we will not sign them. We thank you very much for the kindness you have shown to us. My dear Lady we hope you will not get into any trouble on our behalf as what you have spoken is quite true.
Anonymous letter received by Annie Besant from a Bryant & May worker (July 4, 1888)  


After joining the Social Democratic Federation, Annie started her own campaigning newspaper, The Link. On June 23, 1888, Besant wrote an article, 'White Slavery in London', in The Link, the consequence of which was a three-week strike among the employees of the Bryant & May match company, whose female workers worked fourteen hours a day for a wage of less than five shillings a week. In this, she was helped by HH Champion.

This action, in which Besant campaigned with Catherine Booth of the Salvation Army, was the first strike by unorganised workers to gain national publicity. The 'Matchgirls Strike' was also successful at helping to inspire the formation of unions all over Britain, and Bryant & May workers gained some protection against the appalling conditions under which they had formerly worked, and the yellow phosphorus-induced diseases that had plagued them. Yellow or white phosphorus caused yellowing of the skin, hair loss and phosphorus disease  ('phossy jaw' a necrosis of the jaw). Symptoms included the whole side of the face turning first green and then black, the discharge of foul-smelling pus, and usually death ...

More: Madame Blavatsky, Krishnamurti, Gandhi at the Annie Besant page in the Scriptorium

Some of Annie Besant's many books, through our store, Cafe Diem!  

Shop Annie Besant    Shop Theosophy    Shop Krishnamurti

Annie Besant - Heretic    Early progressives in the Book of Days    More

 

 

1865 Paul Dukas (d. 1935), French composer

1881 William Boeing (d. 1956), engineer

1885 Louis Untermeyer (d. 1977), author

1876 Huynh Thuc Khang, Vietnamese politician

1878 Othmar Spann (d. 1950), Austrian philosopher and economist

1890 Stanley Holloway, English actor and entertainer (My Fair Lady)

1893 Faith Baldwin (d. March 18, 1978), US author of romance and fiction

1896 Liaquat Ali Khan (d. 1951), first Prime Minister of Pakistan

1903 Vladimir Horowitz (d. 1989), Russian concert pianist

1904 Otto Robert Frisch, Austrian physicist

1909 Sam Yorty (d. 1998), former mayor of Los Angeles, California

1910 Bonnie Parker (d. 1934), American outlaw

1920 Walter Matthau (d. 2000), American actor (Oscar: The Fortune Cookie; The Odd Couple)

1921 James Whitmore, actor

1924 Jimmy Carter, 39th President of the United States

The Carter Center

1924 William H. Rehnquist, Chief Justice of the United States

1924 Roger Williams, pianist

1927 Tom Bosley, actor

1928 George Peppard (d. 1994), American actor

1928 Laurence Harvey (d. 1973), actor

1930 Sir Richard Harris (d. 2002), actor

1935 Julie Andrews, British actress and singer

1936 Stella Stevens, actress

1944 Mandy Rice-Davies, Welsh model and friend of Christine Keeler, famous mainly for her minor role in the Profumo Affair which discredited the Conservative government of Harold Macmillan in 1963

Ellen McIlwaine1945 Ellen McIlwaine, great but relatively unknown American blues singer/guitarist (Honky Tonky Angel)

Audio concert    More at Wikipedia    Biography

1945 Benny Zable, New Zealand-born Australian political activist and performance artist, best known for painting many of the street murals in Nimbin, NSW, Australia and also for his performance characters, 'Zany Bubbles' and 'Greedozer'.

Benny Zable's personal website

1947 Stephen Collins, actor

1948 Cub Koda, lead singer (Brownsville Station)

1949 Isaac Bonewits, American author

1950 Randy Quaid, American actor (Midnight Express; National Lampoon's Vacation; SNL)

1962 Esai Morales, actor

1985 Dizzee Rascal, British hip hop artist

 

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Ramadan [ Sep 24 - Oct 23 ]Durga Puja [ Sep 29 - Oct 2]Navratri [ Sep 23 - Oct 1 ]Dussehra [ Oct 2]

 

October

1 World Vegetarian Day
1 Independence Day (Nigeria)
1 Pumpkin Day
1 International Day Of Older Persons
1 National Day (China)
2 Name Your Car Day
2 Mahatma Gandhi's Birthday
2 World Farm Animals Day
4 Taco Day
4 World Animal Day
4 Golf Lovers Day
4 International Toot Your Flute Day
4 St Francis Day
5 Long Walk Day
5 World Teacher's Day
6 Biscuit Day
6 Soap Opera Day
6 German-American Day
6 Physician Assistant Day
7 Send A Smile Day
7 Bathtub Day
7 Frappe Day
8 Tube Top Day
8 Fluffernutter Day
8 Pumpkin Festival (Oklahoma, USA)
9 Children's Day
9 Leif Erikson Day
9 Clergy Appreciation Day
11 "You Go, Girl" Day
11 Sausage Pizza Day
12 Columbus Day (USA)
13 Dessert Day
13 Train Your Brain Day
14 Honey Bee Day
14 World Egg Day
15 Sweetest Day

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2016 BCE The 'era of Abraham' began, according to 19th century scholars.

331 BCE Alexander the Great of Macedon defeated Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela, aka Arbela.

110 BCE Beginning of the Sidonian Era.

366 St Damasus I began his reign as Catholic Pope (fd December 11).

679 A fluffy substance fell on Naniwa, Osaka, Japan. A similar fall of 'angel hair' fell on Japan again on September 27, 1477.  It was also experienced in England on September 21, 1741.       

959 Edgar of England (Edgar the Peaceable) became king of all England.

965 John XIII became Pope.

1040 Death by poisoning of Duke Alan III, Duke of Brittany.

1250 North Sea: A great gale and storm surge flooded England, Holland and Flanders, causing great damage.   Source

1404 Death of Pope Boniface IX (b. c. 1350).

1684 Death of Pierre Corneille (b. 1606), French author.

1788 Nguyen Hue declared himself emperor of Viet Nam.

1791 The first session of the French Legislative Assembly.

1795 Belgium was conquered by France.

1800 Spain ceded Louisiana to France via the Treaty of San Ildefonso.

1811 The first steamboat to sail the Mississippi arrived in New Orleans.

1844 Australian explorer, Ludwig von Leichhardt, set out for Port Essington.

1847 Maria Mitchell (1818-1889), pioneer American woman astronomer and one of the most famous scientists of her day, discovered the comet that bears her name (Mitchell 1847V). Mitchell was the first woman to be appointed a professor of astronomy (Vassar), and the only woman elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences until 1943.

More

1854 The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocated to Waltham, Massachusetts to become the Waltham Watch Company, pioneer in the American system of watch manufacturing.

 

fnord norton

1860 A decree from Norton I, Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico, barred US Congress from meeting in Washington, DC.

1864 American Civil War: At the commencement of the three-day Battle of Saltville, Union forces attacked Saltville, Virginia but were defeated by Confederate troops.

1864 Rose Greenhow (b. 1817), Confederate spy, drowned while weighed down with $2,000 worth of gold intended for the Confederate treasury.

1869 Austria issued the world's first postcards.

 

Henry Slade in 1876; click for contemporary cartoon1876 England: The case of controversial American medium and fraudster, Henry Slade (1836 - 1905), best known for his 'slate-writing' phenomena, came up for trial at the Bow Street Police Court, London.

Pictured: Henry Slade in 1876; click image to open contemporary cartoon in a new window

At the peak of the medium's fame, a magistrate sentenced Slade, under the Vagrancy Act of 1838, to three months' imprisonment with hard labour. The conviction was nullified on technical grounds, whereupon Slade hastily departed for the Continent before a fresh summons could be issued. Slade had arrived in England on July 13 the same year for a series of 'spiritual' demonstrations, at the invitation of Helena Blavatsky and Henry S Olcott, co-founders of the Theosophical Society.

Contemp. NY Times report    More in the Book of Days    More    More

 

1880 The Edison Lamp Works began operations in New Jersey, USA, manufacturing the first electric light bulbs.

1880 John Philip Sousa became leader of the United States Marine Corps Band.

1885 The USA began a special delivery mail service.

1887 Baluchistan was conquered by Britain.

British Empire

1887 Henry Lawson's 'A Song of the Republic' was published (formerly called 'Sons of the South').

Lawson & Co: associations with Henry and Louisa Lawson

1890 Yosemite National Park was established by United States Congress.

1890 US Congress passed the McKinley Tariff Act, taxing opium at $10 a pound if manufactured for smoking.

1891 In California, USA, Stanford University opened its doors.

1898 Czar Nicholas II (1868 - 1918) expelled Jews from major Russian cities.

1903 European railways linked with those of Russia.

1904 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi), Indian leader and proponent of civil disobedience, took over the entire management responsibility of Indian Opinion.

 

1908 Henry Ford's Ford Motor Company introduced the Model T car.

The best advertising money can't buy

The first Model-T Ford automobile rolled into history on this day. One of the most famous attributes of the Model-T was that, according to tradition at least, Henry Ford said that it was available in any colour, provided that colour was black.

Many fruits of Henry Ford's inventive mind brought fame and vast fortune to the notoriously anti-Semitic and pro-Nazi industrialist. One was the implementation of the assembly line mode of manufacture.

Another was the implementation of frugality on the factory floor: it is said that Ford even ordered the packing crates that carried materials to his factory to be made of timber cut to certain dimensions. The boards from the crates could thus be recycled by using them in the running boards of the 'Tin Lizzie' – the Model-T Ford.

When Henry Ford created this legendary vehicle, his critics said that any engineer could prove that the Model-T would not run. However, the darned thing did run, and even though it had strange innovations (such as having the steering wheel on the left-hand instead of the right-hand side of the vehicle), it was an instant success. It was said that so many jokes were made about the Model-T that Ford didn't have to pay for advertising for the first six years of the model.

Humourist Luke McLuke said, "The man who claims he never gets rattled has never had a ride in a Ford". The Tin Lizzie  went on to sell millions, only surpassed in motor vehicle sales by the Volkswagen Beetle, a record that occurred on February 17, 1972.

Ford devoted much of his semi-retirement from Ford Motor to the publication of a newspaper, The Dearborn Independent, which he purchased in 1919. The paper ran for around eight years, during which it introduced to the United States a work (not written by Ford himself) called Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion, which has since been discredited by virtually all historians as a forgery. The American Jewish Historical Society describes his ideas during this period as "anti-immigrant, anti-labor, anti-liquor and anti-Semitic".

 

1909 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi), Indian leader and proponent of civil disobedience, wrote to Tolstoy regarding the Passive Resistance movement.

1910 In downtown Los Angeles, California, a large bomb destroyed the Los Angeles Times building, killing 20.

1910 Canadian subscribers were denied receipt of materials from the anarchist Mother Earth Books in New York, by order of Canadian authorities, because of their "treasonable nature".

1913 Seagulls were honoured with a monument, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

1918 British officer TE Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) and the Arab forces of Emir Faisal captured Damascus from the Turks.

1928 The Soviet Union introduced its first five-year plan.

1931 The George Washington Bridge linked New Jersey and New York.

1936 Francisco Franco (Francisco Franco Bahamonde, 44) was named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.

1936 The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) began regular television broadcasts.

BBC radio and TV online

1937 USA: The Marijuana Tax Act, signed on August 2, 1937, became effective.

Harry Anslinger testified before Congress in favour of marijuana prohibition with these words: "Marijuana is the most violence causing drug in the history of mankind." "Most marijuana smokers are Negroes, Hispanics, Filipinos and entertainers. Their Satanic music, jazz and swing, result from marijuana usage. This marijuana causes white women to seek sexual relations with Negroes."   Source

1938 German forces entered Sudetenland, once part of Czechoslovakia.

1940 Wartime petrol rationing began in Australia.

1942 Little Golden Books published its first children's book: The Poky Little Puppy.

1943 Naples fell to Allied forces.

1946 Nazi leaders were sentenced at the Nuremberg Trials. The Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal rejected the defence of "following orders" where crimes against humanity are concerned.

1949 Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China.

1949 The first rectangular television tubes were manufactured by Kimble Glass.

1957 The first appearance of 'In God We Trust' on USA paper currency.

Was the USA founded on Christianity?

1958 NASA was created to replace NACA.

1960 Nigeria gained independence from the United Kingdom.

1960 Cyprus gained independence from the United Kingdom.

1961 East and West Cameroon merged as the Federal Republic of Cameroon.

1962 USA: Having completed the registration he began the day before, James Meredith became the University of Mississippi's first black student after 3,000 troops quelled riots by opponents of racially integrated education.

1962 USA: Johnny Carson became host of NBC's The Tonight Show.

 

Free Speech Movement button1964 USA: Police attempted to arrest University of California, Berkeley maths grad student Jack Weinberg for passing out literature for the Congress Of Racial Equality (CORE) in Sproul Plaza – inadvertently starting the Free Speech Movement (FSM).

A police car was spontaneously surrounded by demonstrating students for 32 hours. Mario Savio and Joan Baez were involved. In early September, Chancellor Clark Kerr had banned all politicking outside UCLA's main gate; in late September, Kerr suspended eight students for political activities.

Mario Savio links    FSM    More FSM    Wilson's Almanac Book of Days hip list

FSM: The Free Speech Movement and Civil Rights by Jack Weinberg

 

1964 The Japanese bullet train began service from Tokyo to Osaka.

1965 An attempted coup (crushed by Suharto) against Indonesian President Sukarno precipitated the state's systematic extermination of more than 400,000 suspected Communists and other leftists.

1968 A subcommittee of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) convened in the Cannon Office Building, House of Representatives, to divine the extent of Communist subversion in the Chicago, USA, Democratic Party National Convention Week protests.

Yippie leader Abbie Hoffman arrived for the meeting dressed as an Indian with feathers and carrying a bullwhip; Jerry Rubin was shirtless, wearing beads and a bandolier of rifle ammunition, and carrying a toy M-16 rifle. They were ushered from the building but readmitted when Hoffman surrendered his bullwhip and Rubin surrendered his ammunition. Rubin, Hoffman, and 12 other people stood in silent protest during the hearing. When they failed to be seated at the request of the chairman, they were escorted by Capitol Police from the hearing room.

"The House Committee on Un-American Activities convenes hearings to plumb the extent of Communist subversion in the Convention Week protests. Testifying over the course of the hearings are: Lt. Joseph Healy and Sgt. Joseph Grubisic, both of the Intelligence Division of the Chicago Police Department (the Red Squad); Robert Pierson, a Chicago police officer who went undercover and was Jerry Rubin's bodyguard; Robert Greenblatt, national coordinator of MOBE; Dr. Quentin Young of the Medical Committee for Human Rights; and soon-to-be-indicted Tom Hayden, Rennie Davis, and David Dellinger. (The hearings recessed on October 3rd and were concluded December 2 through 5.)"   Source

Wilson's Almanac Book of Days hip list

1969 France: The Concorde broke the sound barrier for the first time.

1971 Walt Disney World opened in Orlando, Florida.

1973 The Air National Guard relieved George W Bush of his commitment eight months early, clearing the way for him to attend Harvard Business School.

Bush's military record

1974 The Watergate trial began.

1975 The Seychelles gained internal self-government.

1975 The Ellice Islands split from the Gilbert Islands, taking the name Tuvalu.

1979 The USA returned sovereignty of the Panama canal to Panama.

1982 Helmut Kohl replaced Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence.

1982 The Epcot Center opened at Walt Disney World.

1987 Surrogacy made Grandma a mum: Mrs Pat Anthony, a 48-year-old grandmother gave birth to triplets for her daughter Karen Ferriera-Jorge, Johannesburg, South Africa.

1987 Seven people were killed in an earthquake, Los Angeles.

1988 Mikhail Gorbachev was named head of the Supreme Soviet.

1992 Mysterious, violent deaths of Petra Kelly and Gert Bastian, leaders of Die Grünen, the German Green Party. Their decomposed bodies were found on October 19 (qv).

1998 ICANN assumed responsibility for selling top-level domain names.

2003 "The Los Angeles Times reports that six women have come forward with allegations of sexual impropriety against Arnold Schwarzenegger. The allegations range from unexpected groping of breasts to unexpected groping of buttocks. More interesting are the pick-up lines Arnold allegedly used on one of the women, 'We could have a lot of fun in half an hour.' An encounter days later, same woman, the line had evolved to 'Now you will come to my apartment.'"   Source

2005 Almost exactly three years after a similar event, a bombing killed 23 people in Bali.

 

 

Tomorrow: He broke Australia's 'No Swimming' law

 

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fnord norton

 


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