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5


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While in California, Mr Hargraves felt persuaded that, from the similarity of the geological formation, there must be gold in several districts in this Colony.
The Sydney Morning Herald, May 5, 1851, referring to the gold strike of February 5, 1851 by Edward Hargraves

A well-written life is almost as rare as a well-spent one.
Thomas Carlyle, English historian and essayist, who died on February 5, 1881

Everywhere, the ethical predicament of our time imposes itself with an urgency that suggests that even the question 'Have we anything to eat?' will be answered not in material but in ethical terms.
Hugo Ball
(1886 - 1927), German dadaist poet. Quoted in Dada: Art and Anti-Art, ch. 1, 'The Language of Paradise', Hans Richter (1964)

Everybody their own football.
Hugo Ball

Cabaret Voltaire. Under this name a group of young artists and writers has been formed whose aim is to create a centre for artistic entertainment. The idea of the cabaret will be that guest artists will come and give musical performances and readings at the daily meetings. The young artists of Zurich, whatever their orientation, are invited to come along with suggestions and contributions of all kinds.
Press Notice, Zurich, February 2, 1916

Language is a virus from outer space.
William S Burroughs, American author, born on February 5, 1914

A psychotic is someone who just found out what's going on. 
William S Burroughs

Hugo Ball, 1916

Hugo Ball (see This day in history, 1916, below)

Junk is the ultimate merchandise. The junk merchant does not sell his product to the consumer, he sells the consumer to the product. He does not improve and simplify his merchandise, he degrades and simplifies the client.
William S Burroughs

Horses are a dying artefact.
William S Burroughs

Every man has inside himself a parasitic being who is acting not at all to his advantage.
William S Burroughs

The Pusher always gets it all back.
William S Burroughs

This is a game planet.
William S Burroughs

My purpose in writing has always been to express human potentials and purposes relevant to the Space Age.
William S Burroughs

Before the trial you were good as dead,
the hangman knew he'd have your head
while you sat in gaol your death to await,
I wept beside you at your fate.

Willem Elsschot (1882-1960); 'Marinus van der Lubbe', poem about the communist youth framed and executed by the Nazis for the Reichstag fire, 1933

 

 

 

February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 329 days remaining (330 in leap years).
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Saint AgathaFeast day of St Agatha, virgin martyr, patroness of Malta

(Common primrose, Primula vulgaris, is today's plant, dedicated to this saint.)

Agatha was martyred at Catana, Sicily, perhaps in the Decian persecution of 250 - 253. She is sometimes represented holding a salver containing her severed breasts and the shears with which she was mutilated. Another symbol is a knife.

Before her death she was tortured, and as she was refused treatment by physicians, St Peter himself came from heaven and healed her, and filled her prison with light, or, so it is said.

Several times when the town of Catania was in danger from eruptions from Mount Etna, her veil, taken from her tomb and carried in procession, averted the lava from that city. Her intercession is reported to have saved Malta from Turkish invasion in 1551.

Agatha's patronage includes bell-founders, breast cancer, breast disease, against fire, earthquakes, eruptions of Mount Etna, fire, fire prevention, jewellers, martyrs, natural disasters, nurses, rape victims, sterility, torture victims, volcanic eruptions, wetnurses, and Zamarramala, Spain. Women rule Zamarramala today, and ceremoniously burn a stuffed figure representing a man.

In art, she is represented with breasts on a dish; with embers, or a knife, or loaves of bread on a dish. She might be depicted with pincers, shears or tongs, and wearing a veil; or else as a virgin martyr wearing a veil and bearing her severed breasts on a silver platter.

 

 

St Agatha and Fortune (Fortuna)

Agatha is an aspect of the goddess known to the Greeks as Tyche, to the Romans as Fortuna, and to the Anglo-Saxons as Wyrd. Today is especially potent for fortune telling and all forms of divination. Also known as Santo Gato, it is said that she appears as a cat and can summon storms when angry. 

In France, it was long customary to hold the Girls' Festival, in which a ribbon-bedecked tree was carried in procession, and bread was blessed. Cakes shaped liked breasts, commemorating her torture, were baked in some places, generally on St Agatha's Eve (February 4) and called 'Agathas'.

My online fellow almanackist Granny Moon writes that these loaves were blessed and distributed on St Agatha's Day to friends of an ill woman. "Use any bread recipe that will hold its shape when baked," Granny Moon writes, "Make as many of these loaves as you can. Hold your friend's good health in your mind and heart as you mix the dough, knead, and shape it. When the Agathas are baked, distribute them to everyone who loves your friend. Tell them to hold her good health in their hearts as they eat."

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The nones of February, ancient Rome

In the Roman calendar, the nones of a month were the fifth day of the months January, February, April, June, August, September, November, and December, and the seventh day of March, May, July, and October; traditionally the day of the Half Moon. The nones were nine days before the ides (depending on the month, these could be the 13th and 15th day; traditionally the day of the Full Moon), reckoning inclusively, according to the Roman method.

The term none came into Christian liturgical use, meaning 'the fifth of the seven canonical hours' (no longer used) or 'the time of day appointed for this service, usually the ninth hour after sunrise'.

"While the Lares and Di Penates are honored every day in the pious Roman household, the Nones (celebrated on either the 5th or 7th day of the month; see the Calendar) are days when a more elaborate ceremony should be observed. The Nones are sacred to Iuno Covella (Iuno of the Hollow Moon).

"The Nones ritual is usually celebrated early in the morning at sunrise by the head of the household (usually the eldest male). If circumstances (or family tradition) dictate, it may be performed at noon or before sunset. No sexual activity is permitted prior to the rite. The performer of the rite does not break his fast prior to performing the rite (if celebrated at sunrise); only a little tea or coffee is permitted.

"Before the rite the Paterfamilias washes his hands (having also previously bathed or showered beforehand) while saying the prayer for ablution …"
Nones Ritual

Roman festivals and notable days in the Book of Days    Almanacs calendars time links

Links to calendar history    Early Roman Calendar - History    Roman festivals    Roman calendar

Roman Dates (Chris Bennett's site)    Seyffert's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities   

LacusCurtius    Smith's Dictionary calendar article    More from Smith

 

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Highly recommended:
Folklore of World Holidays
by Margaret Read MacDonald


The Price of Loyalty: Bush, the White House, & the Education of Paul O'Neill


The Da Vinci Code


Ancient Ways


A Short History of Nearly Everything


Garden Witchery


Naked Lunch


Naked Lunch - Criterion Collection


The Twilight of American Culture


Golden Bough
Folklore classic


Sabbat Entertaining


The Pagan Book of Days


Eight Sabbats for Witches


Celebrate the Earth
A Year of Holidays in the Pagan Tradition


Wheel of the Year


The Trouble with Islam


Be A Goddess


The Five Biggest Lies Bush Told Us About Iraq

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The Oxford Dictionary of Saints


Lucifer Ascending: The Occult in Folklore and Popular Culture


White Noise


The Book of Spells


Spellcraft


The Book of Saints

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The Encyclopedia of Saints

Lots of things to waste time each day
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Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable

 

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What Would Jefferson Do?
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How Mumbo-Jumbo Conquered the World


Pagan Christianity


For God and Country: Faith and Patriotism Under Fire
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Crimes Against Nature : How George W Bush and His Corporate Pals Are Plundering the Country and Hijacking Our Democracy
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The Price of Loyalty


The Torture Debate in America


A Question of Torture
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When Corporations Rule the World


Alternatives to Economic Globalization


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Jacob's Ladder, by William BlakeFeast day of Jacob, patriarch in the Book of Genesis

Father of the twelve tribes of Israel, he stole his elder brother's birthright by trickery. He deceived his blind father Isaac into giving his blessing that was reserved for Esau. He had two wives, the sisters Leah and Rachael, at the same time. This Jacob is not to be confused with St James, feast day July 25, who is also sometimes known as St Jacob.

At Luz (perhaps later 'Bethel'), on his way to Padan-aram, Jacob slept using a stone as a pillow and in a vision saw the angels of God ascending and descending a ladder which reached to Heaven (Gen. 28:12). Jacob's Ladder is probably the best-known string figure in the western world, apart from the 'cat's cradle' game, as well as an ancient wooden folk toy. It's also the name of a high-voltage spark like the ones you've seen in Frankenstein movies, in the doctor's lab, and a cultivar of Aloe dawei.

The image shown here is by William Blake.

More artworks
Birth of Esau and Jacob   Isaac Blesses Jacob, Raffaelo   Raffaelo   Murillo   Rivera   Flinck   Jacob Deceives Isaac   Jacob Wrestling with the Angel, Doré   Moreau    Segal   JacobWrestlesAngel   Rachel    Jacob and Rachel   Vecchio   Rachel and Leah, Michaelangelo   Rossetti   Berchem   Jacob abd Laban   Jacob's Ladder, Chagall   Jacob's Ladder   Murillo    Chagall   Jacob's Ladder   Esau Sells His Birthright to Jacob   The Meeting of Jacob and Esau   Jacob-Joseph, Michaelangelo   Joseph's Bloody Coat Brought to Jacob, Velázquez   Jacob's Journey to Egypt    Jacob's Departure for Egypt, Chagall   Joseph Presents his Father (Jacob-Israel) and Brothers to the Pharaoh   Joseph with Jacob (Israel) in Egypt   Jacob Blesses the Sons of Joseph, Rembrandt

Source

More images of Jacob's ladder

 

 

Igbi, Dagestan, former USSR

 

A celebration of the middle of winter, cognate to Imbolc/St Brigid's Day (February 1 - 2) in the Celtic/Christian traditions.

Celebrated both in Shaitli and in neighbouring Kituri among the Avar ethnic group which includes the Tsezy (Didoitsy) people, igbi in the Tsezian language means 'ring-shaped loaves' (like bagels). The singular is ig. Igbi are baked for other festivals such as first day of ploughing (see also Plough Monday).


Young men, aged 14-25, take part and preparations start months before. Boys write down various positive and negative deeds of villagers – the igbi day is their day of reckoning. A couple of months before Igbi, they commence making costumes and assign duties to participants. Personages in the festival include wolves, forest people, a devil, skeleton, doctor, speculators, a policeman, and so on. Masks for these characters are made out of animal skins or papier-maché.

A week before the Igbi, three to four 'wolves' appear in the settlement and announce in the name of the botsi (wolves) the need to prepare for the feast and to start baking igbi.

On February 5, it is said, the sun for the first time shines on the locality of Khora situated opposite Shaitli, indicating that winter has half passed. Children get up early and collect igbi from door to door. At about 10am, six 'wolves' with wooden swords and about thirty boys gather, choosing two men from the village and forcing them to carry the gari, a pole on which they string the igbi. They go around the village threatening to punish whoever will not give them igbi. Women try to steal the igbi from the youths, while the botsi try to prevent them. There follows a ceremonial naming of the good and bad deeds of the villagers, which are announced in the name of a demon called the Kvidili, which later in the day is ritually 'executed'. 



Festival of the Lęnaia to Dionysus, god of wine and pleasure, ancient Greece  (c. Jan 28 - Feb 5)

Festivals in ancient Greece

Feast day of St Abraham (Abraamius), bishop of Arbela, martyr

Feast day of St Adelaide of Guelders

Feast day of St Agatha Hildegard of Carinthia

Feast day of St Alice (or Adelaide), abbess at Cologne
(Red primrose, Primula aculis is another of today's plants, dedicated to this saint.)

Feast day of St Avitus of Vienne, archbishop

Feast day of St Genuinus

Feast day of St Indract

Feast day of St Isidore

Feast day of St John Morosini

Feast day of the martyrs of Pontus

Feast day of the twenty-six martyrs of Japan

Feast day of the martyrs of China

Feast day of St Modestus

Feast day of St Vodoaldus

Click for Eastern Orthodox liturgical days    Shop saints

Iroquois Midwinter Festival (Jan 30 - Feb 8)

Shiwasu Matsuri, Mikado Jinja, Nango, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan (Jan 20 - Feb 20)

Owase Yaya Matsuri (Shouting Festival), Japan (Feb 1 - 8)

Sounkyo Ice Festival, Sounkyo Onsen (spa), Hokkaido, Japan (Jan 29 - Mar 5)

Yuki Matsuri, or Snow Festival, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan (dates vary in early February)
Hokkaido's largest festival. Snow images are made in the main street, and a costume parade and skating contests are held. See February 7 for more.

Kashmir Day observed as a public holiday in Pakistan


 

 

1788 Robert Peel (d. 1850), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and founder of London's police force

1788 Károly Kisfaludy, Hungarian romantic poet and dramatist, who inspired his compatriots to voice their national cultural heritage

 

1827 Peter Lalor (d. February 9, 1889), best known of the leaders of Australia's bloody Eureka Stockade rebellion of 1854, one of Australia's few armed uprisings and sometimes characterized as the 'birth of democracy' in Australia.

Lalor was born in Ireland and immigrated to Australia in 1852, initially working on the construction of the Melbourne-Geelong railway line but before long joined the gold rush. The wide political changes after the Eureka Stockade saw Lalor appointed to the Victorian parliament in 1855, and despite his rebel background, he was a surprisingly conservative politician. He was postmaster-general and minister for trade and customs in the ministry of Sir Graham Berry from 1877 to 1879, and chairman of committees. He was speaker of the parliament from 1870 until 1877 and was offered a knighthood, which he declined. The northern Melbourne suburb of Lalor is named for him, as is a federal electorate, the Division of Lalor.

Lawson & Co: associations with Henry and Louisa Lawson    More

 

1837 Dwight L Moody (d. 1899), American evangelist

1840 John Dunlop (John Boyd Dunlop; d. 1921), Scottish inventor who developed commercially practical pneumatic tyres (see October 31, 1888)

1846 Johann Most (d. March 17, 1906), German-American anarchist and orator, who in the late 19th Century began to advocate the use of violence to achieve revolutionary political and social change. He taught Emma Goldman public speaking.

Early progressives in the Book of Days

 

Belle Starr1848 Belle Starr (Myra Maybelle Shirley; d. February 3, 1889), American outlaw, associate of Jesse James, mother of Pearl Starr

Belle Starr manga

 

Belle Starr, Belle Starr, tell me where you have gone
Since old Oklahoma's sandhills you did roam?
Is it Heaven's wide streets that you're tying your reins
Or singlefooting somewhere below? 

Eight lovers they say combed your waving black hair
Eight men knew the feel of your dark velvet waist
Eight men heard the sounds of your tan leather skirt
Eight men heard the bark of the guns that you wore. 

From 'Belle Starr', by Woody Guthrie, 1947   Source

Belle Starr's grave

 

Thomas Walker1858 Thomas Walker (d. May 10, 1932), English-born spiritualist, freethinker and political activist influential in Australia (particularly Sydney and New South Wales) in the late-19th and early-20th Centuries.

He co-founded the Australasian Secular Association (ASA), which came to be most active in Melbourne; the Melbourne Anarchist Club grew out of the ASA.

In 1885 he was charged with promulgating "obscene articles", namely diagrams explaining birth control, but he was found not guilty. He set up as temperance lecture after inadvertently shooting and wounding a clergyman in 1892.

"Member of the Senate University of Western Australia from 1912 until 1916. Protectionist Member of the Legislative Assembly in New South Wales. Labor Member of Legislative Assembly in West Australia, where he defended Aborigines and promoted reforms ... Lecturer and writer. Child preacher on Wesleyan circuit around Preston, then pupil/teacher at St Thomas' school. Migrated to Canada with family in early 1870s and worked as labourer. Set up as a materializing spiritualist medium in Toronto 1874; returned British precipitately after fatal accident at seance; journalist on Preston Herald, Lancashire. Possibly returned to Canada briefly in 1875; journalist and spiritualist medium in United States of America in 1876. Arrived in New South Wales in March 1877. Journeyed to Melbourne and became a medium and lecturer to British 1879, lecturing for National Reform Union; to South Africa 1880, resuming spiritualist preaching and returned Victoria in 1881 and was a spiritualist lecturer. Denounced spiritualism in 1882, founding Australasian Secular Association with himself as salaried president and lecturer. Went to Sydney in 1883, where he became secularist spokesman, 'larrikin populist campaigner' and published poems and plays. As a 'protectionist, democratic republican', condemned Sudan expedition and espoused radical reforms; convicted then acquitted of obscenity when advocating birth control 1885; set up as temperance lecture after inadvertently shooting and wounding a clergyman in 1892; also taught elocution and wrote for press. Visited New Zealand, then settled in Western Australia in 1899; Became a journalist on Kalgoorlie Sun and Kalgoorlie Miner; then journalist, and later became an editor of the Western Australian Sunday Times; editor and part owner of the Sunday Press in 1903. Soon returned to Kalgoorlie to edit the Sun. Gave up journalism and studied law. Admitted as a Barrister and Solicitor in 1911. Author of two volumes of poetry; Marmondelle the Moore (a play); and dramatization of For the Term of His Natural Life."   Source

Early progressives in the Book of Days

Lawson & Co: associations with Henry and Louisa Lawson

 

1878 André Citroën (d. 1935), automobile pioneer

1900 Adlai Stevenson (d. 1965), American politician

1906 John Carradine, American actor (The Invisible Man; The Last Tycoon)  

1914 William S Burroughs (d. August 2, 1997), American 'beat' author (Naked Lunch; Junkie); the only person ever to make money out of heroin (apart from dealers, and shareholders of the Bayer company, which invented heroin and marketed it as a non-addictive cure for morphine addiction and coughs)

"Burroughs was born on February 5, 1914 in St. Louis, Missouri. His upper-class midwestern background did not suit his tastes. A bookworm with strong homoerotic urges, a fascination with guns and crime and a natural inclination to break every rule he could find, there seemed to be no way Burroughs could ever fit into normal society. His parents seemed to accept this, and after he graduated from Harvard they continued to support him financially as he experimented with various lifestyles."   Source

More

1919 Andreas Papandreou (d. June 23, 1996), Greek economist and politician who served three times as Prime Minister of Greece (October 21, 1981 to July 2, 1989 and October 13, 1993 to January 22, 1996).

1919 Red Buttons, American actor

1940 HR Giger, Academy Award-winning Swiss artist in the genre of Fantastic Realism; he is perhaps best known for his design work on the film Alien

HR Giger: The Official Website

1944 Al Kooper, American rock musician famed for session and/or collaborative work with BB King, Harry Nilsson, Mike Bloomfield, Bob Dylan, Jimi Hendrix, Stephen Stills, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Cream and many others; he organized the group Blood, Sweat & Tears.

Kooper famously tricked his way into the recording session of Bob Dylan's 'Like a Rolling Stone' by saying he had a good organ part for the song (which he did not). Before producer Tom Wilson could explicitly reject Kooper, he took a phone call. Kooper sat down at the organ (a Hammond B3), although he had rarely played organ before the session. Wilson soon returned, surprised to find Kooper in the studio. Throughout the song the organ can be heard coming in just behind the other members of the band, as Kooper followed to make sure he was playing the right chords. During recording, Dylan said, "Turn the organ up," and rock's most famous organ riff was born.

"Because this is my life and this is my job. I'm no better or worse than any one of you; I'm probably just older (57) and perhaps a bit warier and a little wiser. I've no Mercedes, or surround sound. I don't go out to parties or restaurants every other night, and when I do venture out, I must admit I'm often dressed in a rather humorous manner. I'm way beyond the point of being a rock star or a name on anyone's lips.

"I live comparatively comfortably on the small percentage of royalties I was able to pry out of calculated, evil paws over the years."   Source

"We went on about 4 PM. Ron Wood played the whole show with us sans rehearsal. He's such a great guy. Spotted in our backstage area: Eric Clapton, Val Kilmer, Frank Bruno (England's favorite son/boxer - Bob's into boxing), Woody, Michael Kamen, Robert Plant, Jimmy Page, etc. It was a gala turnout. I walked over to Val Kilmer and introduced myself and told him I enjoyed his work - especially his Doc Holliday."   Source: Kooper's diary – The Dylan concert, Hyde Park

Al Kooper's website    His MySpace page    Wilson's Almanac Book of Days hip list

1945 Charlotte Rampling, British actress (The Night Porter; Stardust Memories)

 

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