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fnordreetings from Australia. 

Welcome to this Red-Letter Day. Below you will find today's global celebrations, birthdays and events.

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Marry in Lent
And you'll live to repent.

East Anglian saying

On Ash Wednesday the priest said to the men of Gotham, "If I should enjoin you to prayer, there is none of you that can say your paternoster; and you be now too old to learn. And to enjoin you to fast were foolishness, for you do not eat a good meal's meat in a year. Wherefore do I enjoin thee to labour all the week, that thou mayest fare well to dine on Sunday, and I will come to dinner and see it to be so, and take my dinner." Another man he did enjoin to fare well on Monday, and another on Tuesday, and one after another that one or other should fare well once a week, that he might have part of his meat. "And as for alms," said the priest, "ye be beggars all, except one or two; therefore bestow alms on yourselves."
A tale of the Wise Fools of Gotham

Anywhere is paradise.
George Harrison, born on February 25, 1943

I think George [Harrison] does not require to become my formal disciple because he is already more than my disciple. He has sympathy for my movement and I have all blessings for him.
AC Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1896 - 1977), founder of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness; letter to Syamasundara, Los Angeles, April 12, 1970   Source

I look at you all see the love there that's sleeping
While my guitar gently weeps.

George Harrison; 'While My Guitar Gently Weeps' (1968)

My idea in 'My Sweet Lord', because it sounded like a 'pop song', was to sneak up on them a bit. The point was to have the people not offended by 'Hallelujah', and by the time it gets to 'Hare Krishna', they're already hooked, and their foot's tapping, and they're already singing along 'Hallelujah', to kind of lull them into a sense of false security. And then suddenly it turns into 'Hare Krishna', and they will all be singing that before they know what's happened, and they will think, "Hey, I thought I wasn't supposed to like Hare Krishna!"
George Harrison; interview with Mukunda Goswami (September 4, 1982)

 

It's All Too Much

Try to realize it's all within yourself
No one else can make you change,
And to see you're only very small
And life flows on within you and without you.

George Harrison; 'Within You Without You'

The world used The Beatles as an excuse to go mad.
George Harrison

More George Harrison quotes at Wikiquote

People seem to seek happiness but they make it so complicated that they become disgusted with the seeking. It is very simple! Let your head respond to your heart and then act accordingly.
Meher Baba, born on February 25, 1894

Don't worry. Be happy.
Meher Baba

To exercise a Whim is always the sign of an independent nature ...
Meher Baba

To penetrate into the essence of all being and significance and to release the fragrance of that inner attainment for the guidance and benefit of others, by expressing, in the world of forms, truth, love, purity and beauty—this is the sole game which has intrinsic and absolute worth. All other happenings, incidents and attainments in themselves can have no lasting importance.
Meher Baba; Discourses, 'The Place of Occultism in Spiritual Life', III, Volume II

As I see it every day you do one of two things: build health or produce disease in yourself. 
Adelle Davis, nutritionist, born on February 25, 1904

Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a pauper. 
Adelle Davis

We are indeed much more than what we eat, but what we eat can nevertheless help us to be much more than what we are.
Adelle Davis

All of my life I been like a doubled up fist ... poundin', smashin', drivin' – now I'm going to loosen these doubled up hands and touch things easy with them.
Tennessee Williams, American playwright who choked to death on a nose spray bottle cap on February 25, 1983

There are more Internet connections on the island of Manhattan than there are on the entire Indian continent.
Shashi Tharoor, PhD, author, Under-Secretary-General for Communications and Public Information of the United Nations   Source

If I die from now on, OK! This film will go on for a hundred years.
Dr Haing S Ngor, Cambodian-born American actor (The Killing Fields) who was murdered on February 25, 1996

 

 

February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 309 days remaining (310 in leap years).
On the dating of items in the Almanac  Translate this page  Birthday star  Your birth day  Daily Everything  NNDB  Time/Date  Google
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Ash Wednesday: Lent begins (2004)

On the dating of items in Wilson's Almanac

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:

In Western Christianity, Lent is the period preceding the Christian holy day of Easter. Eastern Christianity calls this period Great Lent, to distinguish it from the Winter Lent that precedes Christmas. The remainder of this article will discuss Lent as it is understood and practiced in Western Christianity, except when as noted.

Where Easter celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ after his death on the Cross, Lent is concerned with the events leading up to and including Jesus' execution by Rome. This took place around the year 29 of the Common Era in Roman occupied Jerusalem of Palestine.

There are traditionally 40 days in Lent which are marked by fasting, both from foods and festivities, and by other acts of penance. Lent is a season of sorrowful reflection that is punctuated by breaks in the fast on Sundays (the day of the resurrection). Sundays are not counted in the 40 days of Lent. Because Lent is a season of grief that necessarily ends with a great celebration of Easter, it is known in Eastern Orthodox circles as the season of "Bright Sadness".

Though originally of pre-Christian content, the traditional carnival celebrations that precede Lent in many cultures, have become associated with the season of fasting if only because they are a last opportunity for excess before Lent begins. The most famous of pre-lenten carnivals in the West is Fat Tuesday or Mardi Gras.

Fasting during Lent was in ancient times more severe than it is today. Meat, fish, eggs and milk products were strictly forbidden, and only one meal was taken each day. Today, in the West, the practice is considerably relaxed, though in the Eastern church, abstinence from the above mentioned food products is still commonly practiced. Lenten practices (as well as other liturgical practices) are more common in Protestant circles than they once were.

 

Ash Wednesday: dies cinerum

In the Christian calendar, Ash Wednesday is the first day of Lent.

It occurs forty days before Easter, not counting Sundays (which are not included in Lent); it occurs forty-four days before Good Friday counting Sundays. Its placement varies each year, according to the date of Easter. The date can vary from early February to as late as the second week in March.

Ash Wednesday falls on the following dates in the following years:

Some Christians treat Ash Wednesday as a day for remembering one's mortality. Masses are traditionally held on this day at which attendees are blessed with ashes by the priest ministering the ceremony. The minister marks the forehead of each celebrant with black ashes, traditionally in the shape of a cross, leaving a mark that the worshipper traditionally leaves on his or her forehead until sundown, before washing it off. This symbolism recalls the ancient Near Eastern tradition of throwing ash over one's head signifying repentance before God (as related numerous times in the Bible). Often these Ash Wednesday ashes are made by burning Palm leaves from the previous year's Palm Sunday celebrations and mixing them with olive oil as a fixative. In Roman Catholicism, Ash Wednesday is a day of fasting and abstinence. The penitential psalms are read.

As the first day of Lent, it comes the day after Shrove Tuesday or Mardi Gras, the last day of the Carnival season.

In certain parts of the United Kingdom, Ash Wednesday similarly involves the ritual consumption of the food hash.

In New Orleans, Louisiana it is sometimes jokingly referred to as "Trash Wednesday" due to the large amount of refuse typically left in the streets by the previous day's Fat Tuesday celebrations.

Adapted from Wikipedia

"It is believed that the custom of wearing ashes was borrowed from the Jewish religion. For instance, 'Also, in every province that the king's command and decree reached, there was great mourning among the Jews, with fasting, weeping, and wailing, and everybody lay in sackcloth and ashes.' (Esther 4:3 JPS)"   Source: Czech Easter

Sir James George Frazer (1854 - 1941), The Golden Bough1922, Ch. 62. The Fire-Festivals of Europe. Section 2. The Lenten Fires

 

Lenten curtain, or Lenten veil

"In the mediaeval Western Church, a white curtain hung down in Parish churches between the altar and the nave, and parted on feast days kept during Lent. It was taken down in the last three days of Holy Week and said to betoken 'the prophecy of Christ's Passion, which was hidden and unknown till these days' (Liber Festivalis). Similarly, all crucifixes and images were covered, a practice still followed in some Anglican churches."
Evans, Ivor H, Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, Cassell, London, 1988

Ash Wednesday bushfires (1983), Australia, February 16 in the Book of Days

 

 

When is Easter?

Easter is on a different date each year according to the Northern Vernal Equinox (may fall on March 20, 21 or 22) and the phases of the moon.  By knowing Easter's date we can determine many others in the Christian calendar, such as Shrove Tuesday (Pancake Day), Ash Wednesday and Lent, Mid-Lent, and more.

From Wikipedia:

"The timing of Easter depends on the Jewish Pesach, in English Passover, which commemorates the sparing of the Hebrew first-born, as recounted in Exodus, since it is during this holiday that Jesus is believed to have been resurrected.

The date of Easter

"Easter and the holidays that are related to it are moveable feasts, in that they do not fall on a fixed date in the Gregorian calendar (which follows the motion of the Sun and the seasons). Instead, they are based on a lunar calendar like that used by the Jews. At the First Council of Nicaea in 325 it was decided that Easter would be celebrated on the Sunday after the 14th day of the first lunar month of spring (in theory, the Sunday after the first full moon on or after the day of the vernal equinox). Eventually, all churches accepted the Alexandrian method of computing Easter, which set the northern hemisphere vernal equinox at 21 March (the actual equinox may fall one or two days earlier or later), and the date of the full moon was to be determined by using the Metonic cycle. A problem here is the difference between the western churches and the Eastern Orthodox Churches. The former now use the Gregorian calendar to calculate the date of Easter, while the latter still use the original Julian calendar. The World Council of Churches proposed a reform of the method of determining the date of Easter at a summit in Aleppo, Syria, in 1997. This reform would have eliminated the difference in the date between the Eastern and Western churches. The reform was due to be implemented starting in 2001, but it failed. See Reform of the date of Easter.

"Computing the date of Easter, known as computus, is somewhat complicated. The Wiki page explains the traditional tabular methods, but also has algorithms such as the one developed by the famous mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss.

Source: Wikipedia

 

When is it this year? One explanation can be found in Chambers:

"Easter Day is always the first Sunday after the full moon which happens upon or next after the 21st day of March; and if the full moon happens upon a Sunday, Easter Day is the Sunday after."
Robert Chambers, (Ed.), The Book of Days: A miscellany of popular antiquities in connection with the calendar, etc, W & R Chambers, London, 1881 (1879 Edition is online and 1869 edition here with CD-ROM available; See also The English Year: A Personal Selection from Chambers' Book of Days)

Or, probably better:

"Easter Sunday is the Sunday following the Paschal Full Moon (PFM) date for the year. In June 325 A.D. astronomers approximated astronomical full moon dates for the Christian church, calling them Ecclesiastical Full Moon (EFM) dates. From 326 A.D. the PFM date has always been the EFM date after March 20 (which was the equinox date in 325 A.D.)." 
Source with some explanation, and discussion of popular errors

Lunabar will put moon phases, equinoxes, solstices, etc on your desktop

The date of Easter (US Naval Observatory)

The date of Easter (Anglican calculator)

Timing of the Crucifixion and the Resurrection (Christian Churches of God)

 

 

Folklore, customs, pre-Christian origins of: 

Epiphany  Candlemas/Imbolc  Hall Sunday  Collop Monday  Shrove Tuesday/Pancake Day

  Ash Wednesday & Lent  Mid-Lent  Care Sunday  Painful Friday  Lazarus Saturday

  Palm Sunday  Spy Wednesday  Maundy Thursday  Good Friday  Easter Saturday  Easter

Easter Monday  Easter Tuesday  Hocktide  Ascension  Rogation Days  Whitsunday/Whitsuntide

Corpus Christi  May Day/Beltaine  Lammas/Lughnasadh  Michaelmas  Halloween/Samhain

Martinmas  Advent  Christmas Eve  Christmas  More at Articles Index

Hundreds of feast days of saints, gods and goddesses at Wilson's Almanac Book of Days

 

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Feast day of St Walburga (Bugga; Gaudurge; Vaubourg; Walpurga; Walpurgis; Valborg; Walburge; Wealdburg; Valderburger; Valpuri)

(Peach, Amygdalus persica, is today's plant, dedicated to St Walburga.)

Walburga, or Walpurgis (born in Wessex, c. 710, died at Heidenheim, February 25, 779) was a nun of Wimborne under St Tatta and an English missionary in Germany. She was the daughter of Richard, King of the West Saxons. Although a Christian saint, her name will ever be associated with witchcraft because of Walpurgis Night (see April 30), the eve of her other feast (May 1). On the dawn of her feast day on May 1, the evil spirits are banished.

Together with her brothers, St Wilibald and St Winibald, she travelled to Württemberg to assist St Boniface. She became a nun and lived in the convent of Heidenheim near Eichstätt, which was founded by Winibald. When he died in 760, she took over till her death 19 years later. 

An oily liquid flowed from her tomb, and was a remedy for sickness. The most important day to commemorate Walburga is April 30 (Walpurgisnacht or Walpurgis Night), the date of the translation of her relics to Eichstätt in 870, which is also a pagan festival marking the beginning of summer and the revels of witches. It has long been a witching night, particularly in Germany, and happened to be the day that Adolf Hitler and his mistress Eva Braun committed suicide.

Walburga's patronage includes against coughs, against famine, against plague, against rabies, against storms, boatmen, coughs, dog bites, Eichstätt (where this English saint is especially venerated), Antwerp, Oudenarde, Furnes, Gronigen, Zutphen and other towns in the Low Countries, harvests, mad dogs, mariners, plague, sailors and storms.

In art she is represented as a royal abbess or in the Benedictine habit with a small flask of oil on a book; sometimes with a crozier, a crown at her feet, denoting royal birth, and may be depicted in a family tree of the Kings of England. She is also sometimes represented in a group with St Philip and St James the Less, and St Sigismund, King of Burgundy, because she is said to have been canonized by Pope Adrian II on May 1, the festival of these saints. Sometimes she carries three ears of corn in her hand; sometimes angels hold a crown over her. She may be shown together with her saintly brothers, or with miracles taking place because of the oil extruding from her tomb.

"Boniface was the first missionary to call women to his aid. In 748, in response to his appeal, Abbess Tetta sent over to Germany St. Lioba and St. Walburga, with many other nuns. They sailed with fair weather, but before long a terrible storm arose. Hereupon Walburga prayed, kneeling on the deck, and at once the sea became calm. On landing, the sailors proclaimed the miracle they had witnessed, so that Walburga was everywhere received with joy and veneration. There is a tradition in the Church of Antwerp that, on her way to Germany, Walburga made some stay there; and in that city's most ancient church, which now bears the title of St. Walburga, there is pointed out a grotto in which she was wont to pray. This same church, before adopting the Roman Office, was accustomed to celebrate the feast of St. Walburga four times a year. At Mainz she was welcomed by her uncle, St. Boniface, and by her brother, St. Willibald. After living some time under the rule of St. Lioba at Bischofsheim, she was appointed abbess of Heidenheim, and was thus placed near her favourite brother, St. Winibald, who governed an abbey there. After his death she ruled over the monks' monastery as well as her own. Her virtue, sweetness, and prudence, added to the gifts of grace and nature with which she was endowed, as well as the many miracles she wrought, endeared her to all. It was of these nuns that Ozanam wrote: 'Silence and humility have veiled the labours of the nuns from the eyes of the world, but history has assigned them their place at the very beginning of German civilization: Providence has placed women at ever cradleside.' On 23 Sept., 776, she assisted at the translation of her brother St. Winibald's body by St. Willibald, when it was found that time had left no trace upon the sacred remains. Shortly after this she fell ill, and, having been assisted in her last moments by St. Willibald, she expired.

"St. Willibald laid her to rest beside St. Winibald, and many wonders were wrought at both tombs. St. Willibald survived till 786, and after his death devotion to St. Walburga gradually declined, and her tomb was neglected. About 870, Otkar, then Bishop of Eichstadt, determined to restore the church and monastery of Heidenheim, which were falling to ruin. The workmen having desecrated St. Walburga's grave, she one night appeared to the bishop, reproaching and threatening him. This led to the solemn translation of the remains to Eichstadt on 21 Sept. of the same year. They were placed in the Church of Holy Cross, now called St. Walburga's. In 893 Bishop Erchanbold, Otkar's successor, opened the shrine to take out a portion of the relics for Liubula, Abbess of Monheim, and it was then that the body was first discovered to be immersed in a precious oil or dew, which from that day to this (save during a period when Eichstadt was laid under interdict, and when blood was shed in the church by robbers who seriously wounded the bell-ringer) has continued to flow from the sacred remains, especially the breast. This fact has caused St. Walburga to be reckoned among the Elaephori, or oil-yielding saints (see OIL OF SAINTS). Portions of St. Walburga's relics have been taken to Cologne, Antwerp, Furnes, and elsewhere, whilst her oil has been carried to all quarters of the globe.

"The various translations of St. Walburga's relics have led to a diversity of feasts in her honour. In the Roman Martyrology she is commemorated on 1 May, her name being linked with St. Asaph's, on which day her chief festival is celebrated in Belgium and Bavaria. In the Benedictine Breviary her feast is assigned to 25 (in leap year 26) Feb ...  If, however, as some maintain, she was canonized during the episcopate of Erchanbold, not in Otkar's, then it could not have been during the pontificate of Adrian II. The Benedictine community of Eichstadt is flourishing, and the nuns have care of the saint's shrine; that of Heidenheim was ruthlessly expelled in 1538, but the church is now in Catholic hands."
Catholic Encyclopedia

More

 

Feast day of St Caesarius of Nanzianzen

Feast day of St Constantius of Fabriano

Feast day of St Didacus Carvalho

Feast day of St Domenico Lentini

 

Feast day of St Ethelbert of Kent, first Christian king of England

Ethelbert (or Æthelbert, or Aethelberht) (c. 552 - February 24, 616) was King of Kent from around 580 or 590 until his death. After his death, he was regarded as a saint. As he was the King of Kent, he was regarded as the first Christian king of England, and the monarch when St Augustine arrived bringing monasticism to that island. On Whitsunday, June 2, 597 King Ethelbert was baptized by St Augustine, commencing official recognition of Christianity in the British Isles.

More information February 24, 616, the day of his death.

(Note: The year of Ethelbert's death may have been slightly later, perhaps 618. Note, too, that the authority William Hone, has his entry at February 24. However, most sources, such as Patron Saints Index and Saints O' the Day give his feast day as February 25. The latter writes: "There seems to have been an unofficial cultus at Canterbury from early times, but his feast is found in calendars only from the 13th century, and generally on February 25 or 26, because Saint Matthias occupied February 24. He is commemorated in both the Roman and British Martyrologies.")

 

Feast day of St Gerland

Feast day of St Herena

Feast day of St James Carvalho

Feast day of St Riginos

Feast day of St Sebastian of Aparicio

Feast day of St Victorinus and six companions, martyrs

Click for Eastern Orthodox liturgical days    Shop saints

Time of the Old Woman, Morocco (Feb 25 - Mar 4)
This is a period of dangerous weather.  

 

Ayyám-i-Há (Intercalary Days in the Bahá'í calendar), Bahá'í Faith (Feb 25 - Mar 1)

These are intercalary days in the Bahá'í calendar devoted to service and gift giving. The Ayyám-i-Há holiday begins each year on the evening of February 25 and ends at sunset on March 1

Of this period Bahá'u'lláh (1817 - '92), the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, wrote: "It behoveth the people of Bahá, throughout these days, to provide good cheer for themselves, their kindred and, beyond them, the poor and needy, and with joy and exultation to hail and glorify their Lord, to sing His praise and magnify His Name."

Bahá'í communities typically host Ayyám-i-Há festivities, with some communities exchanging gifts in the manner of Christmas in Christian communities, sometimes with a different gift for each of the four days (five in leap year).

More

Powamu, Pueblo/Hopi purification ceremony, (Feb 12 - 28)

Manger têtes d' l'eau (Ritual feeding of springs) , Voudon (Voodoo)   Source

Norriture Rituelle des sources têt d' l'eau, Voudon (Voodoo)      Source

Coronado Day, Mexico
Today honours the search by the explorer, Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, for the Seven Cities of Cíbola in 1540. De Coronado also explored the American Southwest. Regional festivals are held in Mexico.

Katsuyama Sagicho, Katsuyama, Fukui Prefecture, Japan (Feb 24 - 25)
At 10 o'clock on this day pine trees, symbolising a deity, are made into a bonfire on the riverbank.

Tenjin Matsuri, Japan
Tenjin shrines in Japan celebrate today in memory of Sugawara no Michizane (845 - 903), the scholar and statesman. He loved apricot trees, this man who was deified under the name of Tenjin, so offerings of apricot-tree branches and rice are made at these shrines.

Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri (Mud-slinging Festival), Musubi Shrine, Yotsukaido, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
"Youths clad only in fundoshi run from the shrine to the lake where they cover themselves in 'purifying mud,' before returning to pray for a good harvest. (A similar festival is held at Katori-jinja, Noda-shi, Chiba, on April 3.)"   Source

Sounkyo Ice Festival, Sounkyo Onsen (spa), Hokkaido, Japan (Jan 29 - Mar 5)

Katsuyama Sagicho, Japan (Feb 24 - 25)

Februaristaking commemoration, Netherlands
Commemorating a strike against the Nazi