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23


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The beauty of your face
Glitters when you rise
Oh come in peace.
One is drunk
At your beautiful face,
O Gold, Hathor.
From a hymn to the goddess Hathor, Egypt, 18th Dynasty

Nor would I pass by thee in silence. Larentia, nurse of so great a nation … Your honour will find its place when I come to tell of the Larentalia; that festival falls in December, the month dear to the mirthful spirits (genii).
Ovid; Fasti, 111. 57

I am a woman who came from the cotton fields of the South. From there I was promoted to the washtub. From there I was promoted to the cook kitchen. And from there I promoted myself into the business of manufacturing hair goods and preparations ... I have built my own factory on my own ground.
Sarah Breedlove (Madam CJ Walker), African-American businesswoman and philanthropist, born on December 23, 1867; to the National Negro Business League Convention, July, 1912

There is no royal flower-strewn path to success.
Madam CJ Walker

I got my start by giving myself a start.
Madam CJ Walker

 Stonehenge

One of the symptoms of an approaching nervous breakdown is the belief that one's work is terribly important.
Bertrand Russell (
1872 - 1970); on December 23, 1954, the British philosopher broadcast on 'Man's Peril' – the H-bomb

 

 


Click for Christmas origins and folklore

Note: The solstice (Yule) can occur either on December 21 or 22. 
In the Book of Days, our information is on December 22.

Are you looking for more origins and folklore of Yuletide?
Click for the big Christmas page at the Scriptorium.
Also, this Book of Days has Christmas Eve folklore from many lands.

 

 

December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (358th in leap years), with 8 days remaining.
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Happy Festivus!
(Scroll down; includes audio)

Happy Festivus!

Festivus is one of 25 festive images in the Almanac's Free Screensaver SS2

 

 

The Secret of the Unhewn Stone

December 23 is the only blank day of the Celtic tree calendar, and the only day in the year not ruled by a tree and its corresponding Ogham letter. Its name denotes the quality of potential in all things.

The unhewn stone has significance outside the Celtic neopagan tradition. The Freemasons refer in their secret rites to the unhewn stone, the stone that has not been cut by iron. The Biblical Hebrew patriarch and predecessor of Solomon, Enoch, is an important Masonic character. He received the gift of wisdom and knowledge from God and was learned in astronomy and astrology. After receiving God's true name in a dream, Enoch's vision continued and he was taken vertically through nine arches into a subterranean vault that contained a triangular plate of gold upon which was written the name of God. Enoch took the dream as a sign from God and after a long journey through Canaan, or the Holy Land, he excavated nine chambers or 'apartments' vertically into the earth, each covered with an arch, and the lowest hewn out of solid rock. In this apartment he placed an alabaster pedestal and mounted upon it a cube of agate into one side of which he had sunk a triangular plate of gold inscribed with the name of Deity.

Above the chambers, he built a modest temple of unhewn stones with a secret passage into the apartments under a stone with a ring through it.

When Moses returned to his people from Mt Sinai, he was told by God to construct an altar for Him, of simple and pure unhewn stone. The foundations of that altar were to be made of rock upon which no iron had come.

The Bible provides us with the reason for unhewn stones, for Yahweh (the Hebrew God) commanded His altars to be such:

And if thou wilt make me an altar of stone, thou shalt not build it of hewn stone: for if thou lift up thy tool upon it, thou hast polluted it.
Exodus 20:25 

 

Candidates into the Rosicrucian order traditionally stand on a carpet upon which an unhewn stone appears opposite to the planet Saturn. The unhewn stone is like the stone which Jacob set up at Bethel when his dream of a ladder, on which angels were ascending and descending, turned his lonely bed into a house of god and a gate of heaven.

Early idols

The earliest physical representations of deities were made simply, often of uncut rock. According to Pausanias, the Greek traveller and geographer of the 2nd century CE, the Greeks originally used unhewn stones to represent their gods and goddesses, thirty of which Pausanius says he saw in the city of Pharae. These stones were cube-shaped, and because most of them were dedicated to the god Hermes, or Mercury, they received the generic name of Hermae.  

 

Celtic Tree Calendar Months

(Articles evolving in the Book of Days;
tree mythology, folklore, quotes etc)

Beth  Birch  Dec 24* - Jan 20
Luis  Rowan  Jan 21 - Feb 17
Nuin/Nion  Ash Feb 18 - Mar 17
Fearn  Alder  Mar 18 - Apr 14
Saille  Willow  Apr 15 - May 12
Huath  Hawthorn  May 13 - Jun 9
Duir  Oak  Jun 10 - Jul 7
Tinne  Holly  Jul 8 - Aug 4
Coll  Hazel  Aug 5 - Sep 1
Muin  Vine  Sep 2 - 29
Gort  Ivy  Sep 30 - Oct 27
Ngetal  Reed  Oct 28 - Nov 24
Ruis  Elder  Nov 25 - Dec 22
Secret of the Unhewn Stone Dec 23

* The first date is the one with the article for the month

 

Coronation Chair with Stone of SconeThe Stone of Scone: A famous rough-hewn stone

A famous rough-hewn stone from the British Isles is the Stone of Destiny, also known as the Stone of Scone, and the Coronation Stone (the picture at left shows a ring in it; note the same in Enoch's stone, above). It is a block of sandstone historically kept at the now-ruined abbey in Scone, near Perth, Scotland. It is also known as Jacob's Pillow and as the Tanist Stone.

In Celtic mythology, the Lia Fail or the Cloch na Fail was a magical stone brought to Ireland by the Tuatha de Danaan. When the rightful King of Ireland put his feet on it, the stone was said to roar in joy. This is believed to be the origin of the Stone of Destiny.

Traditionally, it is supposed to be the stone which Jacob used as a pillow. It was originally supposed to have been used as the Coronation Stone of the early Dalriada Scots when they lived in Ireland. When they invaded Caledonia, it is said to have been taken with them for that use. Certainly, since the time of Kenneth Mac Alpin at around 847, Scottish kings were seated upon the stone during their coronation ceremony. At this time the stone was situated at Scone, a few miles north of Perth.

For all its emotional significance to so many people, the Stone of Scone, as it is most popularly called, isn't much to look at. It is a rather plain-looking block of rough-hewn, reddish sandstone measuring 66 cm (26") long, by 40 cm (16") wide, by 28 cm (11") high, and weighing 152 kg (336 lb). It has only one inscription, a Latin cross, which gives no clue as to the Stone's heritage.

Cambray, in his Monuments Celtiques, claimed to have seen the stone when it bore the prophetic Latin inscription:

Ni fallat fatum,
Scoti quocumque locatum
Invenient lapidiem,
regnasse tenetur ibidem
– variously translated as

Fate hath designed
That wheresoe'er this Stone
The Scots shall find,
There they shall hold the Throne
.

Or,

If the Destiny prove true,
then the Scots are known
to have been Kings
where'er men find this stone.

Also,

Except old seers do feign
and wizard wits be blind,
the Scots in place must reign
where they this stone shall find.

According to one old chronicler, "no king was ever wont to reign in Scotland unless he had first, on receiving the royal name, sat upon this stone at Scone, which by the kings of old had been appointed to the capital of Alba".

The ritual of crowning Scots monarchs while they are seated on the Stone of Scone has been practised for more than 1,000 years, in fulfilment of the ancient prophecy .

But where did this lump of rock, with all its significance, come from? One theory has it that the Stone originates from the Middle East and was subsequently brought to Scotland, arriving in the British Isles around 850 CE. Another says the sandstone block was quarried on the West Coast of Scotland near Oban, while yet another says that it comes from the Irish Kingdom of Dalriada which existed from around 400 CE to about 850 CE.

Legend claims that it is the very stone that the Biblical Jacob used as a pillow at Bethel and then anointed and erected as a pillar. Later, it became the pedestal of the Ark of the Covenant in the Temple at Jerusalem, whence it found its way to Syria. The remarkable stone was taken from Syria to Egypt by one Gathelus, who, in order to escape the plague, was then advised by Moses to set sail from the Nile with his wife and the Stone of Destiny, which he did, the fabulous rock thus arriving in Spain. From there, Gathelus sent the stone to Ireland after he had invaded that country, and it was later removed to Scotland where it stayed in Scone Abbey until Edward I of England carried it off to Westminster Abbey in England in 1296. Seven centuries after it was stolen, on St Andrew's Day, November 30, 1996, Scotland's coronation stone, the Stone of Destiny, was finally installed in Edinburgh Castle.

In dispute
Whether that stone is the real Lia Fail, the true Stone of Destiny, however, is in some dispute. Some say that the true stone is a Shivaite Hindu lingam-shaped one in a field in County Meath, Ireland (pictured), on the Hill of Tara, and it looks nothing like the rock in Edinburgh Castle. Whatever its true provenance, and wherever the fabled rough-hewn stone really is today, which we are likely never to know, the fabled Stone of Scone has had a strange history and continues to exert a powerful influence on the lives of many.

More on the Stone   More    More on the Stone of Scone, in the Book of Days   And more

 

"Archaeologists believe that the Druids probably used as altars and temples the stone monuments known as dolmens (a type of prehistoric chamber consisting of two or more large, unhewn, stone slabs set edgewise in the earth and supporting a huge flat capstone which serves as its roof. Dolmens were often covered with immense artificial hillocks and were surrounded with a circle of more large unhewn stone slabs that was known as a cromlech.) that are found throughout the areas where Druidism flourished."   Source

 

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Highly recommended:
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by Margaret Read MacDonald


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101 Myths of the Bible


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Folklore classic


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The Winter Solstice


The Fires of Yule

A Keltelven Guide for Celebrating the Winter Solstice


Sabbat Entertaining


Lucifer Ascending: The Occult in Folklore and Popular Culture


Cassell's Dictionary of Superstitions


Encyclopedia of Superstitions


Philosophy of Popular Superstitions 1853


The Book of Spells


Spellcraft


The Pagan Book of Days


Eight Sabbats for Witches


Celebrate the Earth
A Year of Holidays in the Pagan Tradition


Wheel of the Year


Be A Goddess


The Wiggles - Yule Be Wiggling


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Beyond Mormonism


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Encyclopedia of Cults and New Religions


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The Oxford Dictionary of Saints


The Book of Saints

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The Encyclopedia of Saints

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Daily Everything


Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable

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Lord of the Rings

 

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What Would Jefferson Do?
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How Mumbo-Jumbo Conquered the World


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The God Who Wasn't There


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HathorDay of Hathor, ancient Egypt 

(Source: The Phoenix and Arabeth 1992 Calendar)

In Egyptian mythology, Hathor is the mother goddess and goddess of love of ancient Egypt. She was worshipped c. 2700 BCE or possibly earlier, to c. 400 CE, in a cult that flourished in Ta-Netjer ('Land of God' – modern day Dendera, or Dendara) in Upper Egypt, as well as Thebes and Giza, and her priests included both men and women.

Other names for Hathor are Het-Hert, Athyr and Hetheru. Her name appears to mean 'house of Horus', a reference to her role as a sky goddess, the 'house' denoting the heavens depicted as a great cow. (At the temple of Queen Nefertari at Abu Simbel, Nefertari is shown as Hathor, and her husband Ramses II is shown in one sanctuary receiving milk from Hathor the cow.) Hathor was often regarded as the mother of the Egyptian pharaoh, who styled himself the 'son of Hathor'. During the Old Kingdom she assumed the properties of an earlier bovine goddess, Bat. She is an ancient goddess and appears to have been mentioned as early as the 2nd Dynasty.

Hathor existed for the entire history of the ancient Egyptian culture as a powerful and influential deity. She was goddess of death, and the cow goddess. Her father is the sun god Ra (or Re). She was often described as mother of all pharaohs. In myth, she is referred to as both Ra's Mother and his Daughter, serving as both his purpose to continue his daily cycle (the progression of the sun through the sky), and alternatively as an agent of his will. In the 'daughter' aspect, she sits upon Ra's brow as a coiled cobra, breathing flames and venom at his enemies …

More at the Scriptorium's Hathor page

 

Ursids meteor shower (Dec 17 - 26)

Basilindia, ancient Greece (Dec 22 - 28)

 

Larentalia, Roman Empire

Saturnalia (Dec 17 - 23) ends

A festival in honour of Larenta (Acca Larentia), the wife of Faustulus and the nurse of Romulus and Remus, or the she-wolf that suckled them. She was also called Lupa on account of her 'loose morals' – she-wolf (lupa), prostitute (lupa). After the death of her wealthy husband, she inherited his fortune, and donated it to Rome, a generosity which the Romans celebrated with an uproarious feast. The sacrifice in this festival was performed in the Velabrum at the place which led into the Nova Via, which was outside of the old city not far from the Porta Romanula.

Acca is an obscure Latin word: in Greek akko means a 'ridiculous woman' or 'bogey'; in Sanskrit akka means 'mother'. Acca Larentia, therefore, would appear to be the Mater Larum (Mother of the Lares) showing that she was originally a goddess of the earth, to whom men entrusted their seed-corn and their dead. She is also called Lara, Larunda, Larentina and Mania. In the old Roman calendar, this day was called the Brumalia, the shortest day of the year. Festivities took place at the foot of the Palatine between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber.

This is also the seventh, and last, day of the Saturnalia. The Saturnalia is one of the most festive and uninhibited holidays that the ancient Romans celebrated.

The Larentalia was also held on the last day of April.

Known as the Larentia, today was sacred to the goddess Laurentina, mother of the Lares, an earth goddess who guards the dead and seed corn. It commemorates the old year and potential of the new.  
Nigel Pennick, The Pagan Book of Days, Destiny Books, Rochester, Vermont, USA, 1992, p. 140

Roman festivals and notable days in the Book of Days    More

 

Ziemassvetki, ancient Latvia

One of the two most important holidays, the other being Jani. Ziemassvetki celebrated the birth of Dievs, the highest god of Latvian mythology.

The two weeks before Ziemassvetki are called Zveru laiks, the 'season of animals'.

During the festival, candles are lit for Dievs and Martins and a fire is kept burning until the end, when its extinguishment signals an end to the unhappiness of the previous year. During the ensuing feast, a space at the table is reserved for Dievs, who was said to arrive on a sleigh. during the feast, certain foods were always eaten: bread, beans, peas, beer, pork and pig snout and feet. Carolers (Kaladnieces) went door to door singing songs and eating from many different houses.

 

Celtic tree month of Ruis (Elder) Nov 25 - Dec 23 ends

Halcyon Days, ancient Greece and Rome (Dec 14 - 28)  

Advent (Nov 30 - Dec 25), season of the coming of Jesus Christ

Las Posadas, Mexico (Dec 16 - 25)

Feast day of St Agathopus

Feast day of St Anatolia

Feast day of St Basilides

Feast day of St Dagobert II of Austrasia

Feast day of St Helen Guerra

Feast day of St Herman of Scheda

Feast day of St Saturninus, one of the Martyrs of Crete

Feast day of St Servulus, confessor

Feast day of the Ten Martyrs of Crete who died in the persecutions of Decius

Feast day of St Theodulus

Feast day of St Thorlac Thorhallsson

Feast day of St Victoria, virgin and martyr
(Cedar of Lebanon, Pinus cedrus,
is today's plant, dedicated to this saint.)

Victoria's legend states that she was stabbed through the heart in 250 at Trebula Mutuesca (today Monteleone Sabino) or at a place called Thora, Thyrum, or Thurium (the identity of the place is not clear). An elaboration on her legend states that her murderer was immediately struck with leprosy, and died six days later. Victoria is associated with Ss Anatolia and Audax, and a serpent. Anatolia was also killed in 250 either at Trebula. Her legend states that she was at first locked up with a poisonous snake which refused to bite her, whereupon a soldier named Audax was sent into her cell to kill her. The snake attacked him instead, but Anatolia saved him from the snake. Impressed by her example, he converted to Christianity and was martyred by the sword with her.

More

Feast day of St Vintila of Orensee

Feast day of St Zeticus

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Ţorláksmessa, feast day of St Thorlakur, Iceland

"Born in Iceland, he became a deacon when he was fifteen and was ordained when he was eighteen. He was sent abroad to study, reportedly visited London, and returned to Iceland in 1161. He founded a monastery at Thykkviboer, became its abbot and in 1178 was named bishop of Skalholt, one of the two dioceses of Iceland. He reformed the see, insisted on clerical discipline and celibacy, abolished lay patronage and fought simony. He planned to resign and retire to Thykkviboer, but he died on Dec. 23 before he could do so. He was canonized by the the Iceland Althing five years later, but his cult has never been formally approved by the Holy See."   Source

"In past centuries fresh fish was a common food on Ţorláksmessa in Iceland. The origins of the tradition of eating fish on Ţorláksmessa is that this is the last day of the Catholic Christmas fast, and of course people weren't expected to eat meat on this day. The tradition continued after the country converted to Lutheranism, because this was a busy day, and food had to be quick and simple. (No work was done on Christmas Day and Boxing Day, so everything had to be ready by Christmas Eve.) "   Source

Meat Hook
"On 23 December, St. Ţorlákur's Day, Ketkrókur (Meat Hook) arrives. He adores all meat. In olden days he would lower a hook down the kitchen chimney and pull up a leg of lamb hanging from a rafter, or a bit of smoked lamb from a pan, as smoked lamb was traditionally cooked on St. Ţorlákur's Day."  
Source

 

Pictures of the Christmas lads by Halldor Petursson

See Tulya's E'en – The Return of the Dead, Orkney Islands in the Book of Days, which may be related (Tulya = Thorlakur?)

 

Christmas parade in Igls, Austria
About 250 children parade by torchlight on December 23. They enact a tableau vivant of the manger scene in a pageant that is very popular with tourists. 

 

Night of the Radishes (La Fiesta de Los Rabanos), Oaxaca, Mexico

"The city of Oaxaca takes modern art to extremes with this unusual festive fiesta of sculpture. Everything from flowers and animals to saints and nativity scenes is carved from the local speciality - radishes. During the popular event the zocalo (central square) is filled with stalls and there is music, traditional dancing and pińata prizes before the event ends with a huge fireworks display.

"In addition to the radish-carving, judged by the governor, ready-to-eat food is the fiesta's strongpoint. The speciality of Radish Night is buńuelos, deep-fried doughnuts drenched in syrup. After munching your way through this starch-laden load, you are not expected to return your plate - tradition dictates that you throw it over your shoulder: the number of pieces it falls into denotes your fortune for the coming year."   Source

 

Tennou Tanjobi, Emperor's Birthday, national holiday, Japan
Birthday of Akihito, the current Emperor of Japan.

"The Emperor of Japan does not rule, but is a symbol of the nation. It is customary for the Imperial Family to appear on the balcony of the Imperial Palace and exchange greetings with the public, who are allowed to enter the compound."   Source

 

The traditional day for Festivus

Many Christmases ago, Frank Costanza went to buy a doll for his son, George. He went to reach for it because it was the last one, but so did another man and as Frank rained blows upon him, he thought there could be another way. The doll was destroyed, but out of that, a new holiday was born. It was called Festivus …


Festivus is a fictional holiday created by Frank Costanza (played by Jerry Stiller) on the popular American television comedy, Seinfeld. Some fans of the show now celebrate this fictional holiday in real life.

Festivus is a holiday held on December 23 of each year. It was created as a response to the commercialism of the other December holidays. Its motto is 'Festivus, a holiday for the rest of us'.

The Festivus celebration includes three major components:

The Festivus Pole – display of an unadorned aluminum pole, apparently in opposition to the commercialization of the decorated Christmas trees.

The Airing of Grievances – where the celebrant tells their friends and family all of the instances where they disappointed the celebrant that year.

The Feats of Strength – where the head of the family tests their strength against one participant. Festivus is not considered over until the head of the family has been pinned. A participant is allowed to decline to attempt to pin the head of the family only if they have something better to do instead.

Festivus is one of 25 festive images in the Almanac's Free Screensaver SS2

Festivus photos at Flickr    Festivus keeps giving    Origins of Festivus

Festivus poles    More    Wav files

 

HumanLight, Secular humanism (American)

Birthday of Queen Silvia, Sweden, an official flag day

 

 

 

1537 John III of Sweden (d. 1592), King of Sweden

1582 Severo Bonini (d. 1663), composer

1597 Martin Opitz, German poet, 'Father of Modern German Poetry'

1646 Jean Hardouin, French classical scholar with strange ideas, declaring that, with the exception of the works of Homer, Herodotus and Cicero, the Natural History of Pliny, the Georgics of Virgil, and the Satires and Epistles of Horace, all the ancient classics of Greece and Rome were spurious, having been manufactured by monks of the 13th Century.

"Jean Hardouin (1646-1729) was a scholar of classical literature. In 1685 he published an edition of Pliny's Natural History. There was nothing unusual about the edition itself, which was considered to be of merit and very well edited. What was unusual was that despite being so knowledgeable about classical literature, Hardouin had very strange ideas about its origins.

"According to Hardouin, the majority of classical Greek and Roman literature had not been produced by Greek and Roman authors. Instead, it had been forged during the Middle Ages by a group of Benedictine monks. He also argued that all extant Greek and Roman coins were forgeries. He never revealed why such a vast deception had occurred. He only declared, elliptically, that when he died the reason would be found written on a piece of paper the size of his hand. The reason, unfortunately, was never found."   Source

More

 

1732 Sir Richard Arkwright (d. 1792), English inventor of mechanized spinning processes (eg, water frame).

He got the idea for his spinning machine one day when he saw some workmen elongating a red-hot bar of iron between rollers. He knew that the current Hargreaves jenny could only be used for the weft of a piece of material; there was at that time no known way to mechanically spin the warp of the fabric. He reasoned that he could apply the workmen's style to spinning, and succeeded. He patented his invention in 1769. He made such a fortune that his son Richard died the wealthiest commoner in England.

Robert Chambers, (Ed.), The Book of Days: A miscellany of popular antiquities in connection with the calendar, etc, W & R Chambers, London, 1881 (1879 Edition is online and 1869 edition here with CD-ROM available; See also The English Year: A Personal Selection from Chambers's Book of Days)

1777 Alexander I, Russian tsar who defeated the Napoleonic invasion of 1812

1790 Jean François Champollion (d. 1832), Egyptologist who deciphered the Rosetta Stone

 

1805 Joseph Smith (killed by lynch mob, June 27, 1844), American founder and leader of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement. He claimed that on September 22, 1827 an angel called Moroni allowed him to take possesssion of golden plates and other artifacts. The golden plates became the source material for the Book of Mormon.

Joseph Smith: occult leanings?

 

A medallion owned by Joseph Smith is almost identical to a talisman of the Roman god Jupiter, used by Francis Barret, astrologer and author of the occult classic, The Magus (1801):

 

"Barret's book also played a significant role in one of the most interesting discoveries and subsequent controversies involving Joseph Smith, the founder of the Mormons or Church of Latter Day Saints.

"In 1974 Dr. Reed C. Durham, a Mormon and noted scholar of Mormon history gave a lecture entitled, 'Is there no help for the Widow's Son?'. Durham revealed a medal worn by Joseph Smith and long thought to be a Masonic emblem was, in fact, a talisman of Jupiter. Smith's talisman appears to left.

"What is interesting to note is that Smith's Jupiter talisman is almost identical to the example given by Barrett above and to the right. This format is not provided in either Agrippa's Latin original nor the English translation of 1651 by John Freake. The illustration in the English translation appears below to right. Note the break in the seal which seems to be a printer's error and does not appear in the Latin original though it is faithfully copied in the Magus and Smith's talisman."   Source (with images)

More

 

1812 Samuel Smiles (d. April 16, 1904), English author (Self-Help; Thrift), reformer and biographer (biographies of Josiah Wedgwood and George Stephenson). He was an advocate of women's suffrage.

Works by Samuel Smiles at Project Gutenberg

1819 Jan Jakob Lodewijk ten Kate (d. 1889), Dutch poet and clergyman

1822 Wilhelm Bauer (d. 1875), engineer

1860 Harriet Monroe, American poet, founder/long-time editor of the influential Poetry: A Magazine of Verse, through which she introduced the world to Imagism and other 'new poetry'

More    Shop American Poetry  


1867 Sarah Breedlove (Madam CJ Walker), businesswoman, first African American millionaire, philanthropist, born the daughter of former slaves, on a Delta, Louisiana, USA plantation

Her Dream of Dreams : The Rise and Triumph of Madam C. J. Walker

More

 

1885 Pierre Brissaud (d. 1964), French artist

1891 Alexandr Rodchenko (d. 1956), Russian painter/photographer

1918 Helmut Schmidt, German Bundeskanzler 1974 - '82

1918 José Greco (d. 2000), dancer

1922 Calder Willingham (d. 1995), writer

1922 Micheline Ostermeyer, French athlete and musician

1923 Claudio Scimone, Italian conductor

1923 James Stockdale, United States Navy admiral

1926 Robert Bly, American poet, author (Iron John: A Book about Men), activist and leader of the Mythopoetic men's movement in the USA

Robert Bly homepage

1933 Akihito, Emperor of Japan

1936 Frederic Forrest, American actor

1940 Jorma Kaukonen, American blues, folk and rock guitarist

1941 Tim Hardin, musician

1943 Harry Shearer, actor, voice actor (This Is Spinal Tap, The Simpsons)

1943 Silvia, Queen of Sweden

1943 Mikhail Gromov, mathematician

1944 Wesley Clark, US General and former NATO Supreme Allied Commander

1947 Susan Lucci, soap opera actress

1950 Michael C Burgess, American politician

1956 Dave Murray, musician (Iron Maiden)

1958 Victoria Williams, singer

1961 Carol Smillie, British television personality

1964 Eddie Vedder, musician (Pearl Jam)

1969 Martha Byrne, soap opera actress

1971 Corey Haim, actor

1971 Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, British socialite

1978 Estella Warren, actress

1981 Beth, Spanish singer

 

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363 CE "The Emperor Julian died in battle with the Persians. Julian, a Greek Stoic, had tried to make the newly powerful Christians accept the traditional Roman policy of Universal Toleration. The Christians, however, remained aggressively intolerant. The result was two centuries of riots, temple desecrations and legalized confiscations of property, the destruction of priceless art and sculpture, persecutions and public murders of those branded with the epithet 'pagan', mass book burnings, and the ultimate outlawing of the Religion of Nature."   Source

619 Boniface V (d. October 25, 625) became pope.

910 Death of Naum of Preslav, Bulgarian scholar.

913 Death of Conrad of Franconia (b. c. 890).

1568 Death of Roger Ascham (b. c. 1515), Elizabeth I's tutor.

1569 Fyodor Kolychev, St Philip of Moscow, 59, was martyred by Ivan the Terrible.

1617 The first penal colony in North America was established in Virginia.

1620 Construction of Plymouth Colony began.

1631 Death of Michael Drayton (b. 1563), English poet who came to prominence in the Elizabethan era.

 

1761 'Pickle the Spy' (b. c. 1725) died; he was allegedly Alastair Ruadh Macdonell, who was written about by Scottish author Andrew Lang (March 31, 1844 - July 20, 1912) in a book called Pickle the Spy.

"MACDONNELL (or MACDONELL), ALESTAIR (i.e. Alexander) RUADH (c. 1725-1761), chief of Glengarry, a Scottish Jacobite who has been identified by Andrew Lang as the secret agent " Pickle," who acted as a spy on Prince Charles Edward after 1750. The family were a branch of the clan Macdonald, but spelt their name Macdonnell or Macdonell. His father was John, 12th chief of Glengarry, a violent and brutal man, who is said to have star/ed his first wife, Alestair's mother, to death on an island in the Hebrides. Alestair ran away to France while a mere boy in 1738, and there entered the Royal Scots, a regiment in the French service. In 1743 he commanded a company in it, and in 1744 was sent to Scotland as a Jacobite agent. In January 1745 he was sent back with messages, and was in France when Prince Charles Edward landed in Scotland. Late in 1745 he was captured at sea while bringing a picquet of the Royal Scots to help the prince. He remained a prisoner in the Tower for twenty-two months, and when released went abroad. In 1744 his father had made a transfer to him of the family estates, which were ruined. Alestair, who still affected to be a Jacobite, lived for a time in great poverty. In 1749 he was in London, and there is good reason to believe that he then offered his services as a spy to the British government, with which he communicated under the name of Pickle. His information enabled British ministers to keep a close watch on the prince and on the Jacobite conspiracies. Though he was denounced by a Mrs Cameron, whose husband he betrayed to death in 1752, he never lost the confidence of the Jacobite leaders. On the death of his father, in 1754, he succeeded to the estates, and proved himself a greedy landlord. He died on the 23rd of December 1761."   Source



1777
A plot against George Washington was discovered. After Washington's defeats at the battles of Brandywine and Germantown, Thomas Conway and other plotters hoped to replace him with General Horatio Gates, who had won an impressive victory at the Battle of Saratoga.

1814 Andrew Jackson's troops routed the British at New Orleans.

1823 Publication of 'A Visit from St Nicholas' (aka 'The Night Before Christmas'), allegedly written by Clement Moore.

Authorship of 'Moore's' poem in question

A smoking gun? You decide

"In a December 1899 issue of the Sun, a Long Island, New York newspaper published by another Henry Livingston, this Henry argued that the rightful author of A Visit from St. Nicholas was, in fact, his grandsire. And though the article did bring together other descendants to share their stories with Long Island Henry, it didn't result in much impact on the public's attribution of the poem to Moore."   Source

"Until recently it was believed that this ballad was written in 1822 for Clement Clarke Moore's two daughters, Margaret and Charity, and later anonymously published in the Troy [New York] Sentinel on December 23, 1823. But, according to University of Toronto English Library, in 2000, Don Foster, in his book Author Unknown: On the Trail of Anonymous (New York: Henry Holt, 2000) was able to demonstrate that Moore could not have been the author. Foster concluded that it was probably written by Major Henry Livingston Jr."

Source    More on Clement Moore

 

1834 Death of Thomas Malthus (b. 1766), English demographer and economist.

1834 Joseph Aloysius Hansom, an English architect, patented a 'safety cab'.

1861 The first metropolitan horse-drawn carriage service in Australia started in Sydney.

1872 Death of Theophile Gautier (b. 1811), poet, novelist.

1888 During an argument with fellow painter Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh cut off his earlobe and was soon afterwards placed in an asylum at St Remy, France.

1901 In a clearly racist action, the Australian parliament passed the Immigration Restriction Act, which set for prospective immigrants a spelling test of 50 words in any European language.

1906 According to some sources, Lyster Ormsby demonstrated his surf lifesaving invention, the reel of rope, at Bondi Beach, New South Wales, Australia. See March 24, 1907.

1909 Albert I of Belgium became king.

1912 The Parisian literary review, La Nouvelle Revue Francaise (founded in 1909 by French author, André Gide) rejected an excerpt from A la Recherche de Temps Perdu (In Search of Lost Time) by Marcel Proust, 41, yet when complete, the seven-volume novel came to influence most profoundly the development of the modern novel.

 

1913 USA: President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act into law, creating the Federal Reserve.

The Act online    The Federal Reserve system is privately owned    Petition to abolish the Fed

Federal Reserve System – Banking Fraud    Another petition    More videos    More    More

 

1916 World War I: In the Battle of Magdhaba, Allied forces captured a Turkish garrison on the Sinai peninsula.

1922 The world's first regular broadcasts especially for entertainment began on the BBC.

1938 Boogie-woogie music was first brought to wide public attention at Carnegie Hall.

1946 East-West Airlines commenced operations in Australia.

1947 The transistor was first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories.

1947 US president Harry S Truman pardoned 1,523 of the 15,805 World War II draft resistors.

1954 England: Bertrand Russell broadcast on 'Man's Peril' – the H-bomb.

1969 A newspaper advertisement brought together Elton John and lyricist Bernie Taupin. They conducted their early song writing collaboration by correspondence, and had written 20 songs before they even met.

1973 Under the influence of the Shah of Iran, oil prices were doubled and the world plummeted into an energy crisis.

1979 Soviet military units occupied Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan.

1982 The US Environmental Protection Agency recommended the evacuation of Times Beach, Missouri due to dangerous levels of dioxin contamination.

1983 "On the morning of 23 December 1983, the caretaker entered the Condor Topless Dancing Club in north Beach, San Francisco, to find the corpse of 'Jimmy the Beard' Ferrozzo on top of a naked 23-year-old dancer, Teresa Hall, both pinned against the 12-foot ceiling by a trick piano, a gutted Steinway. Topless star Carol Doda used to make her entrance through a trap door, reclining on the piano. Ms Hill was so drunk she didn't remember what happened. It took three to four hours to free her, as the lift motor had 'apparently' burnt out. We presume the trap door only opened downwards."   Source

1985 Six white people died in a bomb blast in Durban, South Africa.

1986 Under Mikhail Gorbachev's liberal policy of glasnost, Andrei Sakharov and his wife Yelena Bonner returned to Moscow. The Soviet dissident and physicist Dr Sakharov had been in internal exile in Gorky since 1980.

1987 Former Charles Manson 'family' member, Lynette 'Squeaky' Fromme, serving a life sentence for the attempted assassination of US President Gerald Ford, escaped from Alderson Prison.

The following links are for public interest and research only, and do not indicate any endorsement of Mansonism (quite the contrary, of course):

Squeaky Fromme's website    Embroidery by Squeaky Fromme – Manson Ceremonial Vest

Email the webmaster ergot2000@gmail.com    http://www.charliemanson.com/

Manson Girls Info Center

 

1989 As another crack in the Communist wall appeared, the Romanian army announced that it had President Nicolae Ceausescu and his wife Elena under arrest.

1990 The Republic of Slovenia voted to secede from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

2004 An earthquake measuring 8.1 on the Richter scale hit Macquarie Island in the Southern Ocean, one day before the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake.

2012 The Mayan calendar comes to an end ... maybe. Experts disagree on whether this happens today or December 21, 2012. I've covered it on December 21.

 

Tomorrow: Christmas Eve folklore; the death of Robin Hood (the Green Man)

 

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