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The astrologers and idolaters have told the Great Khan [ie, Kublai Khan], that he must make a libation of the milk of these mares every year on the 28th of August, flinging it into the air and on the earth, so that the spirits may have their share to drink. They must have this, it is said, in order that they may guard all his possessions, also the men and women, beasts, birds, crops, and everything besides.
Marco Polo, Travels, on the holy white mares of Shang-tu (Xanadu)   Source

From my father, I inherited my stature and the serious conduct of my life; from my dear mother, my gaiety of spirit and delight in story-telling.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German poet, novelist and playwright, born on August 28, 1749

I cannot recall those years without horror, loathing, and heart-rending pain. I killed people in war, challenged men to duels with the purpose of killing them, and lost at cards; I squandered the fruits of the peasants' toil and then had them executed; I was a fornicator and a cheat. Lying, stealing, promiscuity of every kind, drunkenness, violence, murder – there was not a crime I did not commit ... Thus I lived for ten years.
Count Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist, born on August 28, 1828; on his youth

I know that most men, including those at ease with problems of the greatest complexity, can seldom accept even the simplest and most obvious truth if it be such as would oblige them to admit the falsity of conclusions which they have delighted in explaining to colleagues, which they have proudly taught to others, and which they have woven, thread by thread, into the fabric of their lives.
Leo Tolstoy

 

I'm not going to get into the ring with Tolstoy.
Ernest Hemingway

In America, when you have an accent, in the mind of the people they associate you with kissing hands and being gallant. I think that has harmed me, just as it has harmed me to be followed and plagued by a line I never said.
Charles Boyer, French Hollywood actor born on August 28, 1897, who never said "Come with me to the Casbah"

 

 

 

August 28 is the 240th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (241st in leap years), with 125 days remaining.
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Freyfaxi, Ásatrú (date varies)

This feast day is held at a time between late July and late August and marks the the harvest in Iceland. (Some, but not all, sources place it precisely at Freysfest, ie what other European tradition calls Lughnasadh/Lammas, viz August 1, or its eve.) Dedicated to the god of the harvest, it is time for celebration with horse races and martial sports.

A blot (formerly, 'blood sacrifice', but now generally a more benign ritual) is held to the god Freyr (Frey) and his sister, the goddess Freya (Frigg). Also honoured at Freyfaxi may be Nerthus and Njörðr, Þórr and Sif and Farmatýr ('Cargo-God', one of the names of Óðinn (Odin). Their protection is sought over the fruits of the harvest during the coming darker half of the year. Frey especially is honoured as god of the green and fruitful months. Horses, too, are central to the Freyfaxi festival.

According to an old legend from Norse saga, Freyfaxi was a blue dun stallion belonging to the 10th-Century Icelandic clan-chief Hrafnkel Freysgodi. Hrafnkel was devoted to Freyr and shared all his best possessions with the god he loved, especially his horse. 

As is the case with many traditions, the dates of the main Ásatrú blots may be seen as variable, according to celestial phenomena and regional or group variations, but the following gives a general guide:

Disfest (Disablot) January 31

Ostara (Ostara) March 20

May Eve (Valpurgis) April 30

Midsummer (Midsumarsblot) June 21

Freysfest (Freysblot) July 31

Autumnfest (Haustblot) September 20

Winter Night (Vetrnaetr; Midvintersblot; Midvinterblot) October 31

Yule (Jol) December 22

Vikings    More on blots    Blot in the Sagas

Germanic/Norse lore online   Epona, Celtic horse goddess

 

 

 

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Hrafnkel's Saga and Other Icelandic Stories
 
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Feast day of St Augustine, Bishop of Hippo and Doctor of the Church

(Goldenrod, Solidago virgaurea, is today's plant, dedicated to this saint.)

Augustine of Hippo (Hippo Regius – modern Bône, now Annaba, Algeria), one of the fathers of the Roman Catholic Church, was an African of berber (Amazigh) origin. He was born on November 13, 354 at Tagaste (Tagasta), Numidia, an ancient country of north Africa, very roughly between modern Libya and Tunisia. Tagaste was a town large enough to have its own bishop but too small for a college or university. Augustine's father was a pagan who converted to Christianity on his death bed; his mother was Saint Monica (feast day August 27), a devout Christian.

He is remembered as one of the greatest of the 'Latin fathers' of the Roman Catholic Church. He was a man whose writings had a profound effect on Western civilization, and hence the world. He was born to a Christian mother and a pagan father. In their son they recognized an intelligent boy so they sent him to Carthage, a much larger city with greater resources, to study rhetoric.

He read Cicero's Hortensius, in praise of the pursuit of a philosophical way of life, and desired a nobler destiny, so after a self-indulgent life he was was converted to the Manichaean sect and baptised in 387. He taught at Carthage but grew tired of what he saw as his students' profligacy, so he travelled to Milan where he became professor of rhetoric. He gave up his Manichaean ways, entered the priesthood in 391, and was raised to the bishopric of Hippo in 396.

What he taught

Augustine was a prolific writer; his Confessions is usually accorded the position of the first autobiography in history; see also Soliloquies. De Civitate Dei (The City of God), which took him 17 years to write, influenced many utopian writers over the centuries. His impetus for writing that classic stemmed from the sacking of Rome by the Visigoths under Alaric (which began on August 24, 410), which many Roman pagans blamed on the Roman Empire's abandonment of its pagan gods for Christianity. Augustine opposes this notion from the outset. In one of more odd ideas in this book, Augustine pronounced that infants dying before baptism were deprived of the sight of God, a doctrine that suited the Church well and has influenced Christianity ever since.

Augustine also proposed the relatively hard to substantiate assertion that sin is transmitted from generation to generation by the act of procreation. He took this idea from Tertullian (born c. 150 - 160, died c. 220 - 240), the theologian who coined the phrase 'original sin'. (Eastern Orthodox theologians consider that Augustine's theology of original sin is a key source of division between East and West.) He zealously opposed what he saw as heresies of his day, even advocating the use of force against other Christians he deemed to have gone astray doctrinally, namely the Donatists. Augustine's writings helped formulate the theory of just war.

St Augustine once observed a boy spooning water from the ocean into a hole in the ground. When he asked the boy what he was doing, the boy replied: "I'm going to empty the whole ocean into this hole!"

The saint smiled at the boy's desired goal, but also couldn't help but consider how this situation is so very similar to the human mind. After all, thought St. Augustine, when one tries to contemplate all God's mysteries – such as the Holy Trinity – it's similar to trying to empty the whole ocean into a hole with his spoon! It just can't be done.

Augustine assured his followers, however, that once in heaven, we will know such things, since we will be intimately united to God for eternity. He got his chance to find out on August 28, 430, during the siege of Hippo by the Vandals. He may have been the first saint to find a home page on the Internet.

Augustine's patronage includes brewers, printers, the city of Saint Augustine, Florida, USA, sore eyes and theologians. Brewers in St Augustine, Florida are said to pray to him daily as prophylaxis against sore eyes.

Augustinian Vs Jesuit

An Augustinian father-general was once debating with the head of a Jesuit college as to which order was the most sanctified. The Jesuit sent one of his monks to bring burning coals in to heat the room. The Augustinian thought, then quickly said, "Reverend Father, forebear. Do not command me to tempt God! I am ready to fetch you fire in a chafing dish, but not in my bare hands."

City of God online    Augustine and a Legacy of Horror

 

Nativity of Nephthys, goddess of the underworld, and childbirth, ancient Egypt

Plutarch (De Iside et Osiride) tells us that "on the fifth [intercalary day was born] Nephthys, to whom they gave the name of Finality (Teleute) and of Aphrodite, and some also the name of Victory (Nike)". The day was also sacred to Nut (Nuit), Egyptian mythology's sky goddess.

Nephthys is also goddess of night and known as the 'Mistress of the House' (the palace of Osiris). She was depicted with a basket or a house on her head, and sometimes as a kite, falcon, hawk or other bird. She is a daughter of Nuit and Seb and the wife of Set, with whom she is the mother of Anubis. She is the sister of Isis, with whom she is often depicted.

Games festival of Sun and Moon, Roman Empire

Ganesh Chaturthi (Hinduism; date varies annually, approx. Aug 20 to Sep 15)

Feast day of St Alfons Maria Mazurek

Feast day of St Edmund Arrowsmith
He was martyred for the crime of being a Jesuit priest in 1628 by hanging, drawing and quartering at Lancaster, England during the anti-Catholic madness that gripped that country. When the jury found him guilty, he exclaimed, "Thanks be to God!" His hand is preserved as a relic at the Church of Saint Oswald, Ashton-in-Makerfield. Edmund was canonized as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales by Pope Paul VI in 1970.

Feast day of St Gorman

Feast day of St Hermes, martyr
Possibly a Christianized version of the Greek god of magic, medicine and occult wisdom.

Feast day of St Hugh More

Feast day of St James Claxton

Feast day of St Julian of Auvergne

Feast day of St Margaret Ward

Feast day of St Moses the Black

Feast day of St William Dean

Click for Eastern Orthodox liturgical days    Shop saints

Koenji Awa Odori Festival, Suginami City, Tokyo, Japan (Aug 27 - 28)
"Large-scale festival of street dance modelled on the Awa Odori festival on Shikoku. Thousands dance in the streets to rhythmic traditional music and over a million come to watch."  
Source

Liberation Day, Hong Kong (1945)

Last Saturday in August, Software Freedom Day
The purpose of this celebration is make the world aware of the virtues of Free and Open Source Software, and to encourage its widespread use.

Home site

Late August, Early September, Freeing the Insects, Japan

Velika Gospojina (Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos [Mother of God]; Assumption of the Virgin Mary), Orthodox Church
Celebrated throughout many lands; a notable commemoration is at the
Serbian Orthodox monastery of Uspenije Presvete Bogorodice, Bačko Petrovo Selo, Serbia.

 

 

 

On which day of the week were you born? Find out here

1749 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (d. 1832), German scientist, poet, novelist and playwright

'Dem Aufgehenden Vollmonde' ('To the Full Moon Rising')

By JW Goethe


Will you leave me, how secure you?
When just now you were so near!
Clouds amassed in dark obscure you
And now you're no longer here.

But you sense how I am troubled,
And your rim returns as star!
That I'm loved you pledge redoubled
Even though my love be far.

Upwards on then! Brighter brighten,
Coursing clear in glorious light!
Though my heart race, pain to heighten,
Overblissful is the night.

1774 Elizabeth Ann Seton (d. 1821), first American-born Catholic saint

1814 Sheridan le Fanu (d. 1873), writer

1828 Count Leo Tolstoy (Leo Tolstoi; (September 9, 1828 - November 20, 1910, NS; August 28, 1828 - November 7, 1910, OS), Russian novelist (Anna Karenina, War and Peace), philosopher, Christian anarchist, pacifist, social reformer, vegetarian, moral thinker and an influential member of the Tolstoy family; correspondent with and influence on Mahatma Gandhi

Tolstoy Image Archive    Early progressives in the Book of Days    CounterCulture Wiki    More

1840 Ira Sankey, American hymnist and evangelist

 

AG Stephens1865 AG Stephens (Alfred George Stephens; d. April 15, 1933),  Australian miscellaneous writer and literary critic, notably for The Bulletin, to which position he had been appointed by its owner, JF Archibald, in 1894. In about 1890 he had been sub-editor of The Boomerang at Brisbane, which had been founded by the prominent radical, William Lane  in 1887.

In mid-1896 Stephens developed on the inside of the cover of The Bulletin the famous 'Red Page' reviews of literature which helped make, and perhaps break, the careers of many writers in what might well be called 'the Golden Age of Australian literature'. He had many a run-in with Henry Lawson. Stephens held his then-famous position with the magazine until October, 1906.

He wrote a biography of poet Christopher Brennan. The Red Pagan, a collection of his criticisms from the 'Red Page' of The Bulletin appeared in 1904, and a  biography of Victor Daley in the same year.

"A. G. Stephens wrote a fair amount of verse, for which he claimed no more than that it was 'quite good rhetorical verse'. He was an excellent interviewer because he was really interested in his subjects, and he was a remarkably good critic, largely because he had an original analytic mind, and also because he fully realized how difficult the art of criticism is. He was not infallible and occasionally made a bad mistake, but he helped numberless writers, he set a standard, and he strongly influenced the course of Australian literature. In this respect there is no other writer who may be set beside him."   Source

Lawson & Co: associations with Henry and Louisa Lawson

1885 Vance Palmer (Edward Vivian Palmer; d. July 15, 1959) Australian novelist, dramatist, essayist and critic, considered one of the founders of Australian drama.

He was born in Bundaberg, Queensland and passed up the chance to go to university so that he could experience "real life" on a sheep station in western Queensland. From his early years he was determined to be a writer, and in 1905 and again in 1910 he went to London, then the centre of Australia's cultural universe, to learn his craft and advance his prospects. He failed to break into the inner circle of London literary life, but his association with Alfred Orage (British intellectual, now best known for editing the magazine The New Age) and other guild socialists greatly influenced his political outlook. In 1954 Vance published The Legend of the Nineties, a critical study of the development of the nationalist tradition in Australian literature usually associated with The Bulletin

His wife Nettie (Janet Gertrude Palmer, née Higgins, 1885 - 1964) was a poet, essayist and Australia's leading literary critic. Nettie Higgins was born in Bendigo, Victoria, the niece of HB Higgins, a leading Victorian radical political figure and later a federal minister and justice of the High Court of Australia. Between them they did more to promote Australian literature, particularly (in Nettie's case) literature by women, than anyone else of their generation.    Source

Vance Palmer Prize for Fiction, Premier's Literary Awards    Poems by Vance Palmer

The Big Fellow, by V Palmer

Nettie Palmer Prize for Non-fiction, Premier's Literary Award    Poems by Nettie Palmer

1896 Arthur Calwell (d. July 8, 1973), leader of the Australian Labor Party; victom of an assassination attempt on June 21, 1966

1897 Charles Boyer, French Hollywood actor (Algiers; Gaslight; Lost Horizon). He played opposite Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich and Ingrid Bergman. The cartoon character 'Pepé Le Pew' was based on his Pepe Le Moko character. In 1978, Boyer took a fatal dose of barbiturates two days following his wife's death, two days before his 81st birthday.

1903 Bruno Bettelheim, psychologist (d. 1990)

1904 Secondo Campini, Italian jet pioneer (d. 1980)

1908 Roger Tory Peterson, ornithologist, illustrator

1911 Joseph Luns (d. 2002), Dutch politician

1913 Robertson Davies (d. December 2, 1995), Canadian novelist (The Deptford Trilogy), playwright, critic, journalist, and professor

1917 Jack Kirby (d. 1994), comic book artist

1924 Janet Frame (d. January 29, 2004), New Zealand writer of novels, short fiction, and poetry (Faces in the Water; The Lagoon and Other Stories. She was close to having a lobotomy until the latter book won the Hubert Church Memorial Award. In 1947, she was wrongly diagnosed with schizophrenia and admitted herself to Seacliff Mental Hospital. She spent seven years in various psychiatric hospitals, undergoing over two hundred shock treatments. In 1990, her book An Angel at my Table was made into a film of the same name.

"Her first book, The Lagoon (1951), is a collection of short stories expressing a sense on isolation and insecurity drawn from Frame's early memories of poverty, the deaths of two sisters, and several stays in psychiatric hospitals. Other work includes Owls Do Cry (1957), Faces in the Water (1961), Scented Gardens for the Blind (1963), and Living in Maniototo (1979)." 
Source: Literary Calendar

1925 Donald O'Connor, singer, dancer, actor

1930 Ben Gazzara, American actor

1943 David Soul (born David Solberg), American actor (TV series: Starsky and Hutch)

1952 Rita Dove, American poet and author

"African-American writer, teacher, and poet laureate, Rita Dove, is born in Akron, Ohio. Her work will include The Yellow House on the Corner (1980), Museum (1983), a volume of short stories entitled Fifth Sunday (1985), and the Pulitzer Prize-winning Thomas and Beulah (1986), a cycle of poems chronicling the lives of the poet's maternal grandparents, born in the Deep South at the turn of the century."   Source: Literary Calendar

1953 Gates McFadden, actress (Star Trek: The Next Generation)

1957 Daniel Stern, actor

1960 Emma Samms, actress

1961 Kim Appleby, singer (Mel & Kim)

1965 Shania Twain, American country singer

1969 Jason Priestley, actor 

1982 LeAnn Rimes, American country singer

1983 Alfonso Herrera, Mexican actor and singer in the Latin Pop Group RBD

1985 Cove Reber, American Lead singer for Saosin

1985 Ralph Woolfolk IV, American actor

1986 Gilad Shalit, Israeli military officer abducted by Hamas militants on